水文尺度转换研究进展.pdfVIP

应 用 生 态 学 报 　2003 年 12 月 　第 14 卷 　第 12 期 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 CHIN ESE J OU RNAL OF A PPL IED ECOL O GY ,Dec . 2003 ,14 ( 12) ∶2305～23 10 水 文 尺 度 转 换 研 究 进 展 刘建梅 　裴铁王番 ( 中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所 ,沈阳 1100 16) 【摘要】　介绍了水文尺度 、尺度问题和尺度转换的概念 ,重点与难点在流域的空间异质性和水文通量的时 空变异性 ;给出了进行尺度转换的 3 种途径 ,即分布式水文模拟 、分形理论和统计自相似性分析 ;最后在已 有成果的基础上 ,提出了目前研究中存在的问题及未来的发展方向. 关键词 　水文尺度 　尺度转换 文章编号 　100 1 - 9332 (2003) 12 - 2307 - 00 　中图分类号 　S7 15 　文献标识码 　A Research progress on hydrological scaling. L IU J ianmei , PEI Tiefan ( I ns tit ute of A pp lied Ecology , Chinese ) . ( 12) :2305～23 10 . A cademy of S ciences , S heny ang 1100 16 , China Chin . J . A pp l . Ecol . ,2003 ,14 Wit h t he develop ment of hydrology and t he extending effect of mankind on environment , scale issue has become a great challenge to many hydrologist s due to t he stochasticism and complexity of hydrological p henomena and natural catchment s. More and more concern has been given to t he scaling issues to gain a largescale (or small scale) hydrological characteristic from a certain known catchment s , but hasn ’t been solved successfully . The first p art of t his p ap er introduced some concept s about hydrological scale , scale issue and scaling. The key prob lem is t he sp atial heterogeneity of catchment s and t he temporal and sp atial variability of hydrological fluxes. Three approaches to scale were put forward in t he t hird p art , which were distributed modeling , fractal t heory and statistical selfsimilarit y analyses. Existing problems and future research directions were proposed in t he last