石家庄气象站记录城市热岛效应其趋势变化.pdfVIP

石家庄气象站记录的城市热岛效应及其趋势变化 卞韬 1 任国玉 2 张翠华 1 (1 河北省石家庄市气象局，石家庄 050081 ；2 中国气象局气候研究开放实验室，国家气候中心，北京 100081) 摘要：利用石家庄市区气象站和4个郊区气象站1962～2009年逐日平均、最低和最高气温资料，采用城乡气温对比方法和线 性趋势分析方法，研究探讨了石家庄站附近记录到的地面城市热岛（UHI ）强度特征及其随时间变化情况，以及城市化因素 对城市气象站记录的地面气温长期变化趋势影响。结果表明：石家庄站附近地面UHI效应明显，而且UHI效应在最低气温上 表现更突出；UHI强度冬季1月最大，夏季7月最小；UHI强度具有明显的日变化，2009年3月～2010年2月期间其日变化最高 值出现在北京时间早晨7～8时，最低值出现在午后14～16时；在过去的48年内，石家庄站附近UHI强度呈显著增加趋势，且 最低气温UHI强度比最高气温UHI强度的增加趋势更为明显；从UHI强度增加对地面气温观测记录的影响来看，石家庄站附 近1962～2009年期间年平均UHI增温率达到0.19℃/10a ，UHI增温贡献率为67.9%，即该站过去48年记录的年平均地面气温上 升趋势，有三分之二以上可归因于城市化因素影响。 关键词：石家庄；城市UHI 强度；气温变化；线性趋势；城市热岛增温率 Characteristics and change of urban climate in Shijiazhuang City, Hebei Province, China Biantao1 Ren Guoyu2 (1. Shijiazhuang Meteorological Bureau, Shijiazhuang 050081 2. Laboratory for Climate Studies, National Climate Center, CMA, Beijing 100081) Abstract: Based on dataset of daily mean temperature, minimum and maximum temperature of ShiJiaZhuang city station and 4 urban stations during 1962～2009, and statistical methods, the authors analyze the characteristics and the increasing rate of urban heat island intensity of ShiJiaZhuang Station, and its impact on the long-term trend of surface air temperature change recorded. Results show that urban heat island effect is obvious near ShiJiaZhuang Station, especially for minimum temperature or night mean temperature. The strongest urban heat island intensity occurs in winter and the weakest in summer. Urban heat island intensity is at the highest level in January and the lowest level in July. Large diurnal variation is observed, with urban heat island intensity being the strongest in early morning, and the weakest in afternoon between 14:00 and 16:00 Beijing Time. For the past 48 years, urban heat island intensity undergoe