本科生学习策略.pptVIP

外语学习策略概论 吕良环 华东师范大学课程与教学系 学习内容 学完这一讲，你们应该了解以下内容： 基础教育阶段英语课程的总体目标； 构成总体目标的5个分目标； 四类学习策略； 学习策略研究的来龙去脉； 听力学习策略教学案例分析。 英语课程的总体目标 基础教育阶段英语课程的总体目标：培养学生的综合语言运用能力。 综合语言运用能力的形成建立在学生语言技能、语言知识、情感态度、学习策略、文化意识等素养整体发展的基础上。 语言知识和语言技能是综合语言运用能力的基础，文化意识是得体运用语言的保证。情感态度是影响学生学习和发展的重要因素，学习策略是提高学习效率、发展自主学习能力的保证。 学习策略 《英语课程标准》把学习策略分为认知策略、调控策略、交际策略、资源策略。 认知策略指学生为完成学习任务而采取的步骤和方法。 调控策略指学生对学习进行计划、实施、反思、评价和调整的策略。 交际策略是学生为争取更多的交际机会、维持交际和提高交际效果而采取的各种策略。 资源策略是学生合理、有效利用多种媒体学习和运用英语的策略。 Characteristics of Good Language Learners Rubin (1975) and Stern (1975) described ‘good’ language learners in terms of personal characteristics, styles and strategies. Rubin and Thompson (1982) summarized 14 Characteristics of good language learners. Good language learners: 1. find their own way, taking charge of their learning. 2. organize information about language. Characteristics of Good Language Learners (Contd) 3. are creative, developing a ‘feel’ for the language by experimenting with its grammar and words 4. make their own opportunities for practice in using the language inside and outside the classroom. 5. learn to live with uncertainty by not getting flustered and by continuing to talk or listen without understanding every word. Characteristics of Good Language Learners (Contd) 6. use memory strategies to recall what has been learned. 7. make errors work for them and not against them. 8. use linguistic knowledge, including knowledge of their first language, in learning a second language. 9. use contextual cues to help them in comprehension. Characteristics of Good Language Learners (Contd) 10. learn to make intelligent guesses. 11. learn chunks of language as wholes and formalized routines to help them perform ‘beyond their competence’. 12. learn certain tricks that help to keep conversations going. 13. Learn certain production strategies to fill in gaps in their own competence. Learning Strategies The research of good language learners in the mid-1970s led to some very careful defining of specific lea