锅炉带负荷清洗剂配方遴选试验研究.pdf

摘 要 对锅炉进行清洗是保证其安全经济运行的重要措施。目前锅炉清洗主要采用 停炉化学清洗,需联接临时管线系统、工作量大、清洗前浪费热量多,极大影响 锅炉的正常运行及生产,迫切需要发展新的锅炉清洗技术。 本实验室首次将超高压锅炉带负荷清洗的理念变为现实,在吸收国内外无酸 型化学清洗先进技术基础上,研制开发了系列带负荷清洗剂。该清洗剂能在不停 机状态下安全、稳定地去除锅炉沉积物,同时在锅炉金属表面形成保护膜,使其 免受腐蚀,清洗方便,不需安装临时酸洗系统,无废液排放,具有较好的社会效 益与经济效益,给传统化学清洗带来一次技术飞跃。 本课题对实验室研制出的清洗剂的清洗机理、清洗剂性能、成膜钝化效果进 行深入试验研究和对比分析,确定带负荷清洗剂中的 104 型为首选清洗剂,该清 洗剂在锅炉运行时的高温高压水工况下,清洗效果、成膜钝化效果等方面优于其 它清洗剂配方,取得满意效果。 通过高压釜挂片试验,对 104 型清洗剂应用的最佳工艺条件(浓度、温度、 pH 值、恒温时间等)进行研究。实验采用失重法、表面形貌分析、炉水全铁测定 等方法,对清洗效果进行评价;采用水滴实验、酸性硫酸铜点滴实验和湿热试验 对成膜效果进行了评价。 研究表明,与传统的清洗相比,本实验室所研制的带负荷清洗剂(尤其是104 型)在最佳工艺条件下,不论是清洗成膜效果,还是经济效益,都取得满意效果, 是锅炉设备带负荷清洗技术的突破。 关键词:锅炉 带负荷清洗剂 配方遴选试验 高压釜 模拟炉水 钝化 I Abstract Boiler cleaning is especially vital to safe and economical operation of the boilers.At present, the prevalent boiler cleaning method is the chemical cleaning while off-load,which needs temporary piping system and results in large works, wastes of heat and baffles to the daily operation of the boilers before cleaning. The pressing need is to develop innovative boiler cleaning technology. Our laboratory has actualized the on-line cleaning of boilers at super-high pressure for the first time. Based on our experience and information in the literature, a series of experiments and research were carried to innovate the detergents for on-line cleaning.These kinds of detergents could clean and separate the boiler deposits steadily and safely, furthermore these detergents also could accelerate formation and repair of the protective layer on the boiler metal surface. These detergents have many merits such as convenient to implementing, lowness of expenditure, no need for shutdown, unneeded temporarily system of acid cleaning, without disposal of waste water etc. It provides

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