形态学第一组讲义.docVIP

Topic: The definitions of morphology, your comparison, and the inspiration of them. 组员：刘新 蒋美云 刘书晴 任芹 黄想弟 齐茜 Ⅰ. Definitions. In Dai Weidong’s opinion, morphology refers to the study of the internal structure of words and the rules by which words are formed. Similar to Dai Weidong’s view, Hu Zhuanglin thought that morphology is concerned with the internal organization of words. It studies the minimal unites of meaning-morphemes and word-formation processes. For example, the verb purify in English consists of two parts: “pure” and “-ify”, from which we can work out a rule that a new form of verb can be formed by adding “-ify” to an adjective. Thus, “simplify”, “falsify”, etc. (Dai Weidong, A Guide to A new Concise Course On Linguistics For Students Of English, Shanghai Foreign Language Education Press,2002; Hu Zhuanglin, Linguistics A Course Book, 3rd ed., Peking University Press) 释义：在戴炜栋看来，形态学涉及了对词的内在结构以及词的构成规则的研究。胡壮麟认为，形态学在研究词的内在结构的同时，也研究那些最小单位的词素意义和词的构成过程。Morphology, which literally means “the study of forms”, was originally used in biology, but, since the middle of the nineteenth century, has also been used to describe that type of investigation which analyzes all the basic “elements” which are used in a language. (George Yule, The Study of Language, 2nd ed., Cambridge University Press, 2000) 释义：形态学这一词的字面意义是对形式的研究，起初用于生物学。但是从19世纪中期开始便被用于语言研究，即对一种语言中基本元素的分析研究。3. The study of the meaning-bearing unit of words and the governing rules is morphology, which is in itself composed of two smaller meaning-bearing components---the Greek word “morphe”, which means “form” and the suffix “-ology”, which means a branch of science. 释义：形态学是对词的意义单元和内在规律的研究，它本身包括两个更小的意义元素: “morphe” 与 “-ology”。 “Morphe”就是指形式， “-ology”则意味着一个科学分支。 4. In linguistics, morphology is the identification, analysis and description of the structure of morphemes and other units of meaning in one language such as words, affixes, parts of speech, intonation/stress, or implied context. For example, English speaker