Solute vs. Solvent课件.pptVIP

Solute vs. Solvent Solute: The substance being dissolved Solvent: a liquid capable of dissolving another substance (Water is the universal solvent) Permeable vs. Impermeable Permeable – can pass through a substance Impermeable – cannot pass through a substance Semipermeable? DEMO Diffusion Movement of molecules from an area of high concentration to an area of lower concentration Example: skunk, perfume, night after a dinner at taco bell! Diffusion In Action /bio/bio181/BIOBK/BioBooktransp.html When molecules of a substance are in equal concentrations on both sides of a membrane, the molecules are said to have reached dynamic equilibrium. DEMO (Perfume) What molecules moved? What direction did the molecules move? Location of molecules in the end? DEMO (Strainer) What molecules moved? What direction did the molecules move? Location of molecules in the end? DEMO (Food coloring) What molecules moved? What direction did the molecules move? Location of molecules in the end? How did heat effect the movement of the molecules? How did cold effect the movement of the molecules? Factors that affect Diffusion Temperature Size of Particles Concentration of Particles (number of molecules of a substance in a given volume ) Osmosis The diffusion of Water! Why is this important for cells? Plasmolysis Types of Solutions Hypertonic Solution = higher concentration of water in the cell than outside the cell Hypotonic Solution = higher concentration of water outside the cell than inside the cell Isotonic Solution = equal concentrations of water inside and outside the cell Osmosis In Blood Cells Osmosis In Plant Cells Passive Transport Diffusion and Osmosis Molecules that are small but too large to pass through the membrane on its own need help from transport proteins. Active Transport Requires energy Moves molecules against their concentration gradient (from low concentration to high concentration). http://www.bbc.co.uk/education/asguru/biology/01cellbiology/05pathways/08active/