The Government and Politics of South Africa课件.pptVIP

The Government and Politics of South Africa From Apartheid to where? Tribalism English Dutch [Boers] Xhosa Zulu Tswana Other History Khoisan and Bantu peoples there when first Europeans arrived Portuguese created trading posts in 1550s 1652 Dutch East India Company set up provisioning station in Table Bay 1657 farms allocated, slaves brought from East Africa and E.Indies to work them By 1700 settlement moving into mountains. Smallpox decimated Khoisan History 2 1770s onwards increasing clashes with Bantu 1795 British occupied Cape, reoccupying it in 1806 Emancipation of slaves followed. These became the “coloureds” and included substantial numbers of Muslims [E.Indies] 1820 many British settlers in Eastern Cape [a Plantation scheme to relieve pressure in GB Natal followed as place of settlement History 3 Boers also expanding and in 1830s, Great Trek to escape British rule This and the British move into Natal brought contact with the Zulu nation Roots of later apartheid began in Natal with sugar plantation economy. Indian labour brought in. Gandhi began his passive resistance campaign in Natal History 4 Mineral wealth discovered in late 19th century Independent Boer Republics of orange Free state and Transvaal had most of it So Brits invaded [liberated?] Boer War 1899-1902 “a white man’s war” 1910 Union of South Africa set up as a self-governing dominion Whites-only franchise except Cape History 5 ANC founded 1912. APO had been founded 1902 Communist Party 1921 Nationalist party 1914 broke away from ruling South Africa party 1934 all white parties combined to form United Party but NP then broke away 1948 NP won general election. apartheid followed Apartheid Pass laws already existed Racial separation enforced Created townships. Whites wanted blacks to do work but live somewhere else “separate but equal” development Disguised land grab. Black “homelands” developed and 4 made independent The struggle against apartheid 1950s non-violent struggle PAC broke away in 19