黄土塬区3种豆科牧草的竞争、生长及其水土效应的研究.pdfVIP

黄土塬区3 种豆科牧草的竞争、生长及其水土效应研究 利用效率随种植密度加大显著提高，第3年相比较而言中密度处理更有利于牧草水分 利用效率的提高，高密度处理会降低春季和夏季水分利用效率。 建植第一年适宜种植密度情况下苜蓿和胡枝子固氮可以满足自身生长需要，沙打 旺固氮能力较差，对土壤氮素有正的消耗，混播群体除AC外固氮能力均能满足生长 需要；从第二年开始3种多年生豆科牧草的固氮能力不断提高，不仅能够满足自身生 长需要，而且能够促进、提高土壤氮素水平。过低的密度会影响豆科牧草固氮作用的 发挥。两年生牧草对2m深土壤磷库消耗影响剧烈，土壤磷库损耗显著；3年生牧草生 长对2m深土壤磷库的补偿作用超过消耗作用。3种牧草单播土壤有机质矿化程度沙打 旺苜蓿胡枝子；混播处理土壤有机质的补偿多于矿化；增加种植密度有利于牧草 对土壤有机质的累积作用。 关键词：黄土塬区 豆科牧草 沙打旺 苜蓿 达乌里胡枝子 水分利用效率 土壤养分消耗 ABSTRACT i The research of three legumes’ competitive growth and their use of soil water-nutrient resources on highland of Loess Plateau Student ： Xiao-Hong Zhang Supervisors ：Prof. Feng-Min Li Major: Ecology Research field: Agro-ecology ABSTRACT In order to employ perennial legume mightily in the agro-grassland system and artificial grassland development, three legumes’ (A: Astragelus adsurgens pall; B: Medicago sativa L ; C: Lespedeza daurica Schind) competitive growth and their use of soil water-nutrient resources was studied on highland of Loess Plateau. there were seven planting modes with high density(GM) 、medium density(ZM) and low density(DM) respectively in the experiment. The main results and conclusion are as follows: The average diurnal increase of B was 1.5 cm, which is 2～3 times as much as that of A and C. The root ratio at 0-30cm depth of the three legumes were 62.0 ％、50.0 ％、67.9 ％ respectively, decreasing with depth down in the soil profile. At the end of the experiment, average 5m water storages of A、B 、C were 781mm、711mm、852mm