大穗型水稻生育后期叶片和根系生理的特性.pdfVIP

生命科学研究990311 生命科学研究 LIFE SCIENCE RESEARCH 1999年 第3卷 第3期 Vol.3 No.3 1999 大穗型水稻生育后期叶片和根系生理的特性 陈信波　廖爱君　罗泽民 摘　要：GER-1是从玉米DNA导入水稻的后代变异材料中筛选出的大穗型高产变异系。对 GER-1生育后期叶片和根系生理特性的研究表明：与受体湘早籼8号和三系杂交稻汕优63相 比，GER-1的顶三叶叶绿素含量、蛋白质含量、光合速率、过氧化物酶和超氧化物歧化酶活 性降幅小，丙二醛含量增幅小，叶片衰老得到延缓，生育后期根量和根系伤流量较大、发 根力和根系α-萘胺氧化力较强。生育后期叶片和根系的延缓衰老使得叶片功能期长、光合 产物供应充足，是实现大穗多穗条件下水稻高结实率和充实度好的主要内在原因。 关键词：水稻；叶片衰老；根系活力；生理特性 中图分类号：Q945.12；S511.21　　　文献标识码：A Physiological Properties of the Roots and Leaves of a High Yield Rice Line at the Late Growth Stage 1 2 2 CHEN Xin-bo ，LIAO Ai-jun ，LUO Ze-min （1.Crop Gene Engineering Key Laboratory,2.College of Science,Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha　410128,Hunan,China ） Abstract ：A high-yield variation line with great ear was obtained by introducing maize DNA into rice.Physiological properties in relation to leaf and root senescence of this line （GER-1 ） were compared with the acceptor Xiangzhaoxian 8 and a high-yield three line hybrid rice Sanyou 63 during late growth stage.The protein and chlorophyll content ，the photosynthetic rate and the activities of peroxidase and superoxide dismutase in the upmost three leaves of GER-1 remained relatively higher than that in Xiangzhaoxian 8 and Sanyou 63 ，while the MDA content was lower in GER-1.The root weight and root activity of GER-1 remained higher during late growth stage. Retardation of leaf and root senescence prolonging the functioning duration of the leaf and enabling more dry matter accumulation was the interior reason for high output. Key words ：Oryza sativa ；leaf senescence ；root activity ；physiological properties 　　杂交水稻在生理特性和产量性状方面较常规稻具明显杂交优势，但也存在着结实率和 籽粒充实度低及生育后期早衰等问题，成为影响大穗型水稻高产的主要因素之一 ［1～3］