往年语言学试卷.docVIP

第 1 页(共 页) 第 页(共 页) Ⅰ. Read each of the following statements carefully. Decide which one of the four choices best completes the statement and choose the letter A, B, C or D. (1×20=20) 1. A 2. D 3.A 4. C 5. B 6. C 7. D 8. D 9. D 10. B 11.A 12. A 13. C 14. D 15. C 16. B 17.C 18. C 19. B 20.D Ⅱ. Decide whether the following statements are true or false. Write T for true and F for false. (2×10=20) 1. T 2. F 3. T 4. F 5. T 6. T 7. F 8. T 9. F 10. T Ⅲ. Explain the following linguistic terms or notions in English. (3×10=30) 每个term中有具体的分数划分，一般来讲，只要答出划线部分的关键内容即可得到该部分相应的分数，文字表达等其它方面阅卷老师酌情考虑给分情况。另，如果学生用自己的语言表述，只要含义正确，均可得分。 1. phatic communion: Phatic communion refers to one of the functions of language, i.e. the social interaction of language. (1%) It involves the use of small, seemingly meaningless expressions to maintain a comfortable relationship between people without containing any factual content. (2%) 2. competence Competence, put forward by Chomsky, refers to an ideal language user’s underlying knowledge (2%) about the system of rules of his language (1%). 3. suprasegmental features Supresegmental features are the phonological features involving more than single sound segments. (1%) The principal suprasegmantel features are syllable, stress, tone and intonation. (2% 任意正确列举两个或以上即可得到两分，只列举一个扣一分) 4. distinctive features Distinctive features are the phonologically relevant (1%) properties that distinguish phonemes from one another, //i.e. the sound features that make meaning difference in the same phonological setting. (2%) 5. blending Blending is a relatively complex form of compounding (1%), in which two words are blended by joining the initial part of the first word and the final part of the second word(1%), or by joining the initial parts of th