保定市农村育龄妇女乙肝认知及影响因素分析刘彩中国健康教育.docVIP

保定市农村育龄妇女乙肝认知及影响因素分析* 刘彩 天津中医药大学管理学院，天津 300073 【摘 要】：目的　了解保定农村育龄妇女的乙肝知识认知现状及其影响因素，针对性提出政策建议。方法　对2228例育龄妇女进行问卷调查，统计分析采用SPSS16.0软件。 结果　有8.3%知晓乙肝，8.6%知晓乙肝疫苗 【关键词】: 育龄妇女； 乙肝认知 Cognition of Hepatitis B and Risk Factors among Fertile Women in Rural Area in BaoDing LIU Cai, Faculty of management of public services, School of Management, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 300073, China. Abstract: Objective: to learn of fertile women’s cognition of Hepatitis B in rural area in Baoding and some useful policy suggestions were proposed. Methods: 2228 fertile women were interviewed and then statistic analysis was carried out by using SPSS 16.0. Results: 85.3% of the participant knows Hepatitis B and 82.6% knows Hepatitis B vaccine. There were statistic differences in various educational level groups, occupation groups and health insurance groups. Influence of age, educational level and occupation to the cognition level in maternal-neonatal transmission of Hepatitis B virus of fertile women were proved by Logistic regression. Conclusion: Fertile women’s cognition of Hepatitis B and Hepatitis B vaccine in rural area in Baoding was relatively satisfied, while their cognition of Hepatitis B symptoms and transmission way was not good. Based the specific characters of rural area and fertile women, several of publicity channels need to be taken. Keywords: Fertile woman; Hepatitis B; Hepatitis B Vaccine; Cognition; Risk factor 我国的乙肝病毒携带者和慢性乙肝病人绝大多数（60%～80%）源于垂直传染，主要是母婴传播，大多又是围产期感染。新生儿围产期感染的慢性比率（即成为乙肝病原携带者和慢性乙肝的比例）高达90%育龄期妇女，指妇女有生育能力、处于生育时期的妇女一般指处于15~49周岁，不未婚、已婚和丧偶。 1 材料与方法 1 资料来源与调查对象 首先根据经济发展水平和地理位置抽取县3个村，剔除失访、拒答等原因，896户中的3958个家庭成员资料15~49周岁由经培训合格的调查员入户调查现场填写。调查问卷经预调查修改后确认，有效应答率为91.85%。调查收集的数据采用Data Easy数据录入软件进行双盲法录入，确保数据录入准确性。经过数据校对整理后，用SPSS16.0进行统计描述和统计分析。 2 调查内容 调查采用封闭式结构访谈，对回答问题情况进行量化分析。调查工具为项目基线调查研究小组设计的《农村居民乙肝疫苗接种、认知及需求情况调查表》，其中关于乙肝与乙肝疫苗等相关知识“认知部分”问题的设计参考WHO的“Introduction of Hepatitis B Vaccine into Childhood Immu