高中英语从句的学习与运用.docVIP

高中英语从句的学习与运用（第二章） 从句是相对于主句而言的，即它是从属于某一个主句，而不能单独作一个句子。在英语中，按一般说法，可分为三大类14种从句。一名词性从句4种。 1主语从句（放在谓语动词前作主语的从句）Whether its right or not remains to be seen. 2宾语从句（跟在谓语动词后作宾语的从句）I wonder whether its right or not. 3同位语从句（用于解释说明前面的名词）This is a question whether its right or not. 4表语从句（跟在系动词后做表语的从句）The question is whether its right or not. 二形容词性从句2种 1限定性定语从句（定语从句相当于一个形容词，用于修饰前面的名词。） She is the student who can speak English well. 2非限定性定语从句She is the student, who can speak English well. 三副词性从句8种（状语从句相当于一个副词,即主句中的主谓或主句的意思已基本完整） 1时间状语从句The fact will come out when he comes here. 2地点状语从句You can go wherever you like. 3原因状语从句Pay more attention to your lessons because you are a student. 4方式状语从句He walks as if he were a king. 5目的状语从句She went to Japan so that she could learn Japanese well. 6结果状语从句She went to Japan so that she learned Japanese well. 7条件状语从句I will understand it if he tells me. 8让步状语从句He knows a lot though he is little. 主句和从句的划分方法是相同的。句子的成分从谓语动词处来划分比较容易。谓语动词前面的部分是主语，后面常接宾语，修饰谓语动词的是状语，修饰主语、宾语的是定语，若谓语是系动词，则系动词后的部分是表语。从句的类型是由从句的位置或者说从句所起的作用决定的。 A、从句在句首，后有谓语动词，除去倒装句就只有主语从句的可能性，that句中不作成分，从句属名词性从句； B、从句在系动词（be、become等）后，一般是形容词性的表语从句，that仍然不做成分； C、从句在及物动词vt后一般是宾语从句，在不及物动词vi后加介词+宾语从句，或者不及物动词后一般是状语从句； D、名词后跟的从句会有同位语从句和定语从句，其一、that在同位语从句不做成分，而在定语从句充当主语，宾语或表语。同时名词性的同位语从句是对之前的名词即先行词的补充说明其内容，而形容词性的定语从句是修饰限定。 复合句小测 （一） 1. _____ I admit that the problem is difficult, I don’t think they can’t be solved. While B. Since C. Before D. When 2. — Dad, I’ve finished my assignment. — Good, and ______ you play or watch TV, you mustn’t disturb me. A. whenever B. whether C. whatever D. no matter 3. Generally speaking, ______ according to the directions, the drug has no side effect. when taking B. when taken C. when to take D. when to be taken 4. An idea occurred to me _____ I might turn to my English teacher for help. ??? A. which?????????? B. that???????? C. where???????? ??D. when 5. The thick smog covered the whole city. It was _____ a great black blanket had been thrown over it.