国外心理学史2课件Hock5.pptVIP

Hock Chapter 10: Not Practicing What You Preach Background Social Psychology: the study of interaction (how people treat each other) It gave way to new insights, research, and controversy After LaPiere’s study, it was recognized that people’s attitudes about a person or object do not always reflect how they will behave toward that person or object in a given situation. Richard LaPiere Most work produced during 1930s—this study done in 1934 He was a Stanford psychologist He focused on the study of social attitudes, specifically, the correspondence between attitudes and behaviors Before LaPiere Previous studies had used questionnaires and assumed behaviors would match the responses LaPiere believed the idea of correspondence between symbolic behavior and real behavior was wrong and too simple. Social Attitudes of the 1930s It is very important to note that: Racial and ethnic discrimination existed It was very widespread, blatant, and socially accepted The Beginning… LaPiere traveled with a young Chinese couple They stayed at the best hotel in a small town and were politely accommodated Two months later he called the hotel and asked if they would accommodate an “important Chinese gentleman” The answer, which led to LaPiere’s study, was: Method The experiment took place in two parts: Actual behavior Assessment of related symbolic attitudes (questionnaire response) Real Behavior Phase LaPiere traveled with the Chinese couple across the US and up and down the Pacific coast He observed the attitudes of bellboys, elevator operators, hotel clerks, and waitresses The couple did not know he was making observations Symbolic Behavior Phase He mailed questionnaires to all the places visited, and other places in the same areas that were not visited There was a 6 month interval between the visit and the mailing Only 51% of the visited establishments responded What Happened During Their Travels? Of the 251 hotels and restaurants they patronized, only ONE