武科大流体力学习题答案201108.docVIP

PROBLEMS AND ANSWERS PROBLEMS 1 1.1 An object of 6.795kg has a volume of 0.5L. Determine its density, specific weight and relative density. 1.1 一6.795kg的物体体积为0.5L。确定其密度、重度和相对密度。 Solution: RD=(/(water=13.59(103/1000=13.59 1.2 A force acts upon a square area 4 by 4 cm in the xy plane. It expressed by F=8i+6j+9k (N). Resolve this force into a normal force and a shear-force component. What are the pressure and the shear stress? Repeat the calculations for F = (8i+6j(9k. Solution: (1) The normal force Fn=9N and the shear force F(= The pressure (upward) and the shear stress (2) The normal force Fn=(9N and the shear force F(= The pressure (downward) and the shear stress 1.2 (1) p=5625Pa(upward), (=6250Pa,; (2) p=5625Pa(downward), (=6250Pa, 1.3 The bulk modulus of elasticity of oil is K=2.2GPa, what pressure is required to reduce its volume by 1 percent? Solution: 1.3 22MPa 1.4 The upper plate, 1 mm distant from the lower plate, moves at 0.5m/s and requires a force per unit area of 4Pa (N/m2) to maintain this speed as shown Fig. 1.4. Determine the fluid viscosity in SI units. Solution: , 1.4 1.5 An shaft of 200mm diam rotates in a sliding bearing filled with lube oil of μ=0.245Pa(s. The width of bearing is b=300mm and radial clearance is h=0.8mm. Power loss in the bearing is N=50.7W. Determine the rotational speed of shaft n. 1.5 一轴直径为200mm，在充满μ=0.245Pa(s润滑油的滑动轴承中转动。轴承宽度为b=300mm，径向间隙为h=0.8mm。轴承中的功率损失为N=50.7W。确定轴的转速n。 Solution: , , 1.5 1.6 The diameter of a piston cylinder D is 120mm, piston diameter d is 119.6mm, and piston width L is 140mm. The viscosity of oil is μ=0.65Pa(s. By neglecting the pressures at both ends of piston, determine the force F needed on pulling back the piston in a steady velocity of 0.5m/s. 1.6 一活塞缸直径D为120mm，活塞直径d为119.6mm，活塞厚L为140mm。油液粘度μ=0.65Pa(s。忽略活塞两端压力，试求以0.5m/s的稳定速度将活塞拉回时所需的力F。 Solution: 1.6 1.7 Compress air by a compressor, then the absolute pressure is from 1 atm to 6 atm, the temperature is from 20(C up to 78(C, how much volume of air