八年级英语下册 unit 2 not too short lesson 3 and lesson 4知识精讲 教科版.docVIP

Unit 2 Not Too Short Lesson 3 重点解析：宾语补足语 英语中有些及物动词接了宾语之后还需接宾语补足语来补充说明宾语的有关情况，否则句子意思就不完整。 概念：用以补充说明宾语，并与宾语一起构成复合宾语的句子成分，叫作宾语补足语。 构成：可以做宾语补足语的有名词、形容词、副词、动词不定式、分词以及介词短语等。 例：You must keep the room clean and tidy.你必须保持房间干净和整洁。 People saw him running away.人们看到他跑了。 Don’t leave your car there. It’s not a parking area. 别把你的车停在那儿，那不是停车场。 Let me put this bag on the desk.让我把这个包放在桌子上。 什么是复合宾语？ 宾语和宾语补足语合称为“复合宾语”。 句子结构为：“主语+及物动词+宾语+宾语补足语”。 如：He made us laugh.他使我们哈哈大笑。 复合宾语（1） 宾语 + 不定式 The doctor advised Mary to have more exercise. 医生建议玛丽多锻炼。 I’ll get someone else to do it. 我要找别人来做这件事。 I should prefer you not to change your plan. 我倒情愿你们不要改变计划。 复合宾语（2） 宾语 + 动词ing形式 Did you smell something burning? 你闻到什么东西烧焦了吗？ I could feel my heart beating violently. 我可以感觉到心跳得很厉害。 He kept them working all day. 他让他们整天干活。 复合宾语（3） 宾语 + 过去分词 They found the room crowded with people. 他们发现屋子里挤满了人。 We had the photograph taken when we were working in the field. 这照片是我们在地里干活时照的。 He acknowledged himself defeated. 他承认自己失败了。 复合宾语（4） 宾语 + 名词 They made him captain of the ship. 他们让他当了船长。 We must keep it a secret. 我们必须保密。 That year his mother died, leaving him an orphan. 那年他母亲去世了，使他成为孤儿。 适合这个句式的有以下动词 call, name, make, elect, appoint, nominate, christen, crown, think, consider, count, leave 复合宾语（5） 宾语 + 形容词 He proved himself worthy of confidence. 他证明自己是值得信赖的。 Why don’t you dye it blue? 你干吗不把它染成蓝色? Let’s get everything ready in time. 咱们按时把一切准备好。 适合这个句式的有以下动词: make, paint, dye, get (ready), cut (short), set (free), keep, drive (mad), find, want, hold ( responsible), wish, like, see, imagine, turn, beat (black and blue), boil (hard), suppose, prove, think, believe, consider, leave, shout (hoarse) 复合宾语用法要点： 1、常接形容词作宾语补足语的动词有：keep, make, find等。如：We must keep our classroom clean. 2、常接名词作宾语补足语的动词有：call, name, make, think等。如：We call them mooncakes. 3、常接动词-ing形式作宾语补足语的动词有：see, watch, hear, find, keep等。 如：In the country, we can hear birds singing. 4、常接介词短语作宾语补足语的动词有：keep, find, leave等。 如：I left my pen on my desk at ho