土木工程概论电子教案（英文版）CIVILE6.ppt

土木工程概论Introduction to Civil Engineering 第六章　水利工程 Chapter 6 Hydraulic Engineering Review Questions 1. What are dams? 2. How are dams classified as per its structure? 3.?What is a multipurpose dam? 4. Explain the principle of a gravity dams. Hydraulic Engineering What is Hydraulic Engineering? The design and manufacture of pumping plant, reservoir valves, penstocks, pipelines and so on. The study pf the flow of fluids. In civil engineering this concerns mainly the flow of water, i.e. rivers, water supply, dam building, irrigation and drainage; and in mining the flow of viscous drilling fluids, ore pulps and hydraulic filling. Hydraulic Engineering Water usage: Irrigation Hydroelectric power generation Storage for flood control Storage for water supply Storage of water for navigation Multipurpose dam Dams: They are massive structures built for storing water. Hydraulic Engineering Water resource engineering: Water resources engineering usually deals with the application of fluid mechanics principles to water flow problems, but may also include fluids ranging from blood to magma. Engineering hydrology quantifies the distribution and movement of water in the environment. Some problems encountered in water resources engineering include: floods, sediment transport, water supply, wave forces, hydromechanics, and the protection or restoration of surface and ground water resources. Hydraulic Engineering Water resource engineering: Engineers in the hydraulics/hydrology area may spend their time with applied mathematics, laboratory experimentation, or field construction and testing. The skills necessary range from imagination and common sense to sophisticated analytical and computer modeling ability. Hydraulic Engineering Classification as per the structure: Dam as structure has to perform two major functions: Withstand heavy pressure of water; To avoid seepage of water, through the structure and through the foundation. Hydraulic Engineering Gravi