内蒙古草地资源合理利用与草地畜牧业持续发展.pdfVIP

22 卷第 1 期 资 源 科 学 Vol.22, No. 1 2000 年 1 月 RESOURCES SCIENCE Jan. ,2000 赵萌莉 许志信 (, 010018) 4 2 : 内蒙古天然草地资源 富, 草地面积7 880@10 hm , 占中国草地面积的22% 。由于长期的 利用和管理不善,畜牧业生产难以持续发展。内蒙古草地资源的现状是: 草地退化, 土壤沙化; 气候干旱, 降水减少;草地植被退化, 牧草产量低;草地生态环境恶化, 鼠虫害增加。草地畜牧业生产存在畜草矛盾突 出;畜产品数量、质量下降;抗灾能力弱等问题。究其原因是多方面的,但主要是人为的不合理利用草地资 源而引起的。因此,草地畜牧业可持续发展的策略和措施是:发展生态畜牧业; 走畜草平衡、增草增畜的道 路;因地制宜; 加强草原管理,合理利用草地资源; 建立/ 效益型畜牧业0 的经济体制。只要坚持草地开发利 用与建设相结合, 内蒙古草地畜牧业生产的潜力是较大的,并可持续发展。 :草地资源; 草地畜牧业;持续发展 :S8112026 :A :1007- 7588(2000) 01- 0073- 04 RATIONAL USE OF GRASSLAND RESOURCESAND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF ANIMAL HUSBANDRY IN INNER MONGOLIA ZHAO Meng2li U Zhi2xin ( Dep t . of Grassland Science, In ner Mongol ia I nst it ute of Agri cult ure and Animal H usbandry, H ohhot 010018, China) Abstract:Grassland in Inner Mongolia constitutes an important grazing land in China which covers an 4 2 area of 7 880@10 hm under grassland conditions,or 22% ofthe total grassland area of China. The current situationof grassland resources in Inner Mongolia isgrasslanddegradation, soil dertification,cli2 matic drought and decline in precipitation,grassland vegetation degradation,drop ofherbage yield,and deterioration of grassland ecosystem.Therefore, it is impossibleto develop grassland animal husbandry in a sustainable way ,resulting in certain contradictions such as that between animal population and herbage yield. Ofthenumerous reasons accounting for theresult,human factors of irrational utilizat