数值分析 英文.docVIP

Acknowledgments This article will appear in the forthcoming Princeton Companion to Mathe- matics, edited by Timothy Gowers with June Barrow-Green, to be published by Princeton University Press. In preparing this essay I have bene_tted from the advice of many colleagues, who corrected a number of errors of fact and emphasis. I have not always followed their advice, however, preferring, as one friend put it, to \put my head above the parapet. So I take full responsibility for errors and omissions here. With thanks to: Aurelio Arranz, Carl de Boor, Folkmar Bornemann, Richard Brent, Sam Clark, Iai