Dynamical Higgs Mechanism without Elementary Scalars A Lesson from Instantons.pdfVIP

ECT*/Dec/95-003 Dynamical Higgs Mechanism without Elementary Scalars: A Lesson from Instantons Dmitri Diakonov 5 9 Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Gatchina, St. Petersburg 188350, Russia 9 1 c Hilmar Forkel and Matthias Lutz e D ECT*, Villa Tambosi, I-38050 Villazzano, Italy 0 2 (November, 1995) 1 v 5 8 3 Abstract 2 1 5 9 / h p The generation of gauge–dependent fermion vacuum condensates in Yang– - p e Mills theory would dynamically break the gauge symmetry and thus provide h : an alternative to the Higgs mechanism in unified theories. We explore a simple v i X example: instanton-induced quark pair (diquark) condensation in QCD with r a 2 flavors and Nc colors. We do find diquark condensates in the vacuum, but only for Nc = 2, where they are equivalent to the standard quark-antiquark condensate. At Nc ≥ 3 diquark condensates exist as meta–stable saddle points of the instanton-induced effective QCD action and may strongly affect the properties of matter under extreme conditions. The scalar diquark excitation, which is a Goldstone boson at Nc = 2, becomes unbound for Nc ≥ 3. Typeset using REVT X E 1 Instanton-induced quark interactions provide a well-known mechanism for spontaneou