新药研究与开发翻译作业.docVIP

RNA interference was first discovered in C.elegans. When long double-stranded (ds)RNAs were injected into a worms gonad (a standard way of introducing transgenes into worms), they blocked the expression of endogenous genes in a sequence-specific manner. 在线虫中首次发现了RNA干扰。当长的双链RNA（DS）注射到一个蠕虫的性腺（转基因引入到蠕虫的标准方法），他们以特异性的方式阻断内源性基因表达的序列。 In eukaryotes, most protein-coding genes are transcripted by RNA polymerase II, which generates pre-mRNAs that are then processed to form mature mRNAs. These mRNAs are then transported from the nucleus to the cytoplasm, where they are translated. 在真核生物中，RNA聚合酶II转录了大多数蛋白