《Effect of grape seed proanthocyanidins on tumor vasculogenic mimicry in liver cancer xenograft model》.pdfVIP

Chinese-German J Clin Oncol December 2014, Vol. 13, No. 12, P572–P577 DOI 10.1007/s10330-314-0019-3 Effect of grape seed proanthocyanidins on tumor vasculogenic mimicry in liver cancer xenograft model 1 1 1 2 1 Yunyan Luan , Hongwei Xue , Lijian Zhang , Ruyong Yao , Hongsheng Yu () 1 Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, China 2 Department of Central Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, China Received: 28 October 2014 / Revised: 15 November 2014 / Accepted: 25 November 2014 © Huazhong University of Science and Technology 2014 Abstract Objective: As a novel blood supply pattern, vasculogenic mimicry (VM) has attracted increasingly attention in re- cent years, which may partly compensate for the absence of feeding and facilitate tumor perfusion. However, anti-angiogenic drugs have little effect on VM. The grape seed proanthocyanidins (GSPs), a kind of promising bioactive phytochemical, has shown anti-carcinogenesis and anti-angiogenic in several tumor models. However, GSPs regulation of VM and its possible mechanisms in a H22 hepatoma carcinoma model remain not clear. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of GSPs on proliferation and VM in a H22 hepatoma carcinoma model and to investigate the underlying mechanism. Methods: Seventy-five mice were divided into the control group and experimental groups treated with different concentration of GSPs. CD34-PAS dual staining was employed to identify the VM structure. The immunohistochemical staining for investigating the expression of VEGF, EphA2 and MMP-2 protein was performed. Results