对外汉语学习词典用例效度若干关系.pdfVIP

2007年第6期 外语与外语教学 2007．N06 总第21 9期 andTheir SerialNo219 ForeignLanguages Teaching 对外汉语学习词典用例效度的若干关系* 刘川平 (大连外国语学院汉学院，辽宁大连 116002) 摘要：外向型汉语学习词典要求用例具有基础性、常用性和实用价值，提供语言背景、样式丰富。能否体现这些特点决 定着用例的效度即实用性。本文以三部词典为样本，从内容、形式和功能三个方面分析、比较其用例特色与得失，进而阐明提 高用例效度需要恰当处理的六组关系，即：规范性与适用性的关系；正例与反例的关系；句子例、短语例、构词例的关系；不同类 型句子用例之间的关系；用例释义与定义释义的关系；句法功能周全性与功能频率层级性的关系。 关键词：对外汉语；词典；用倒效度 in Abstract：DictionariesforSCSLlearners thattheillustrationsinthedictionarieshebasic in inuse， require language，highfrequency，practical criteriadeterminethe richinlanguagebackgroundb。wledge，andvariedinsentencetypes．Thesepracticability，i．e．the articleistoexaminethe functionofthe inthree andcontrastthe and content，form，andgrarramtical strengths examplesdictionaries，compare oftheiruseofillustrations．andsix in the 0ftheillustrations--thebetweenstmadardnessdtheil- relationships validity higUight improving relationship lustrationsand ofthe betweentheillustrationsthatillustratethe and he· illustrations，the right adaptability relationship wrongusages，therelationships tween．sentence andword—formation betweendifferentofsentence he- eXPRTIples，phraseexamples examples，relationshipstypes examples，therelationship tweendemonstration and definitions，thebetweenthe of functionandthelevel