3 --Geological Age Of Coal.pdfVIP

ENGLISH FOR MINING ENGINEERING 采矿工程英语（双语） 袁越 湖南科技大学能源与安全学院 LESSON 3 GEOLOGICAL AGE OF COAL In the general distribution of coal through the sedimentary rock sequence, only relatively rare occurrences of coal-like material, altered almost to graphite, have been reported from Precambrian Fig. 3.1 sedimentary rocks. These are believed to be local concentrations of algal or fungal material. Graphite 石墨 ；Precambrian 前寒武纪 Algal or fungal 海藻的，真菌的 LESSON 3 GEOLOGICAL AGE OF COAL The principal organisms found in the oldest rocks in which fossils are common, the Cambrian Fig. 3.1 , are algal deposits and remains of shells of sea animals. They are found principally in limestones or other limy strata. Fossils 化石 Cambrian 寒武纪的 Limestones 石灰石 LESSON 3 GEOLOGICAL AGE OF COAL The earliest known occurrence of fossils of land plants is reported in Silurian rocks, and minor occurrences of coal have been found in Silurian and overlying Devonian rocks in various parts of the world, including North America. Silurian rocks 志留纪的岩石 Devonian rocks 泥盆纪的岩石 LESSON 3 GEOLOGICAL AGE OF COAL The first extensive coal seams are reported from rocks of Mississippian and Pennsyllvanian age in North America and the equivalent Carboniferous strata in Europe. Most coal mining in North America in the past has been from coal seams of Pennsylvanian age in the eastern United States and Canada. Pennsyllvanian 宾夕法尼亚州的 Carboniferous 石炭纪 LESSON 3 GEOLOGICAL AGE OF COAL Rapidly growing production of the past few years from western states is principally from coals of Cretaceous and Tertiary age. The general character of coal sequences in the Appalachian Coal Field and the Interior Coal Province is shown in Figs. 3.2 and 3.3. Cretaceous 白垩纪的 Tertiary 第三纪（的） Appalachian 阿巴拉契亚 LESSON 3 GEOLOGICAL AGE OF COAL Coals are found in all geologic periods from Silurian through Quaternary time Fig.3.1 in various parts of the world. No commercially important coals have been found in s