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Investigations of slug flow induced forces on pipe bends applying STAR-OLGA coupling.pdf
Investigation of slug flow induced forces on pipe bends
applying STAR-OLGA coupling
L Xing, H Yeung
Department of Offshore, Process Energy Engineering, Cranfield University, UK
S Lo
CD-adapco, UK
ABSTRACT
Gas-liquid slug flow can exert cyclic forces on pipe bends. A knowledge of the
time-varying force and its distribution on the bends is highly desirable in designing the
piping and piping support systems. A numerical study has been carried out to obtain an
understanding of the slug flow induced forces and develop simulation models for
engineering applications. The STAR-OLGA coupling has been applied to achieve a
co-simulation of 3-D CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics) and 1-D pipeline models. In
the coupling model a horizontally oriented 90° bend with a diameter of 70 mm is
modelled using 3-D CFD code STAR-CCM+ and the pipeline upstream of the bend is
modelled using 1-D code OLGA. The predictions of the coupling model have been
compared with experimental data where available. The time dependent forces and force
components acting on the bend wall have been analysed together with the liquid holdup
time traces in the bend. Significantly large forces appear when the highly turbulent slug
front arrives at the bend centre hitting the bend in the wall and the slug body is travelling
in the bend. The distribution of the force on the bend wall and gas/liquid phases in the
bend has been exhibited. The force distribution contour plots illustrate that the large force
acts on a certain area of the bend wall, which is the most vulnerable part to mechanical
damage. It has been demonstrated that the STAR-OLGA coupling model can provide
reasonable predictions of the slug flow induced forces on the bend.
1 INTRODUCTION
Gas-liquid slug flow is a frequently encountered flow regime in oil an
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