《Vertical Protection Level Equations for 》.pdf

Vertical Protection Level Equations for Dual Frequency SBAS Todd Walter, Juan Blanch, and Per Enge, Stanford University ABSTRACT INTRODUCTION The L1-only Satellite-Based Augmentation System The Global Positioning System (GPS) is in the process of (SBAS) Minimum Operational Performance Standards adding new civil signals [1] [2] [3]. These new civil (MOPS) were developed long before any SBASs were signals include a second frequency in a protected certified for operation. During the development and Aeronautical Radio Navigation Services (ARNS) band certification of the Wide Area Augmentation System that may be used to guide aircraft. The incorporation of (WAAS), it was discovered that the zero-mean Gaussian this new signal into Satellite-Based Augmentation basis of the Vertical Protection Level (VPL) equation was Systems (SBAS), such as the Federal Aviation not strictly true for some error sources, and very difficult Administration’s (FAA) Wide Area Augmentation to sufficiently demonstrate for others. The actual data System (WAAS) [4] [5], allows for greatly expanded collected in support of system performance demonstrated