《P42、Self-Knowledge (Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy)》.docxVIP

 HYPERLINK /entries/self-knowledge/ /entries/self-knowledge/ Self-Knowledge First published Fri Feb 7, 2003; substantive revision Tue Oct 28, 2008 In philosophy, ‘self-knowledge’ commonly refers to knowledge of ones particular mental states, including ones beliefs, desires, and sensations. It is also sometimes used to refer to knowledge about a persisting self—its ontological nature, identity conditions, or character traits. At least since Descartes, most philosophers have believed that self-knowledge is importantly different from knowledge of the world external to oneself, including others