ChapTheOrganizationofInternationalBusiness.ppt

International Business 国际商务 Chapter 13 The Organization of International Business Introduction Organizational architecture refers to the totality of a firm’s organization, including formal organization structure, control systems and incentives, processes, organizational culture, and people 组织架构指的是一个公司组织的全部，包括组织结构，控制系统，激励，流程，组织文化和人员 为了是利益最大化，公司必须确保： the different elements of the organizational architecture are internally consistent the organizational architecture matches or fits the strategy of the firm the strategy and architecture of the firm are consistent with each other, and consistent with competitive conditions Organizational Architecture 组织结构指的是： 组织正式的分为更小单位 决策责任归于的那个结构（集中还是分散） 用来协调包括跨职能团队或泛区域委员会的基层单位的活动的整合机制 控制系统是用来度量基层单位的表现以及经理对基层单位的运作情况 Organizational Architecture Incentives激励are the devices used to reward appropriate managerial behavior Processes流程are the manner in which decisions are made and work is performed within the organization Organizational culture组织文化refers to the norms and value systems that are shared among the employees of an organization People人员refers to not just the employees of the organization, but also the strategy used to recruit, compensate, and retain those individuals and the type of people they are in terms of their skills, values, and orientation Organizational Architecture Figure 13.1: Organizational Architecture Classroom Performance System The norms and value systems that are shared among the employees of an organization are called a processes b organizational culture c control systems d incentives Organizational Structure 组织结构有三个方面： 纵向划分-结构中决策责任所属位置 .横向划分-组织小组的正式划分 3..整合机制的建立-负责协调小组机制单位 Vertical Differentiation: Centralization And Decentralization Vertical differentiation determines where decision-making power is concentrated纵向划分决定在何处决策权利集中 集中决策： 有利于协调 确保决策与组织的目标相一致 给高层管理人员实现组织变革的手段 避免重复的活动 Vertical Differentiation: Centralization And Decentralization 分散决策： relieves the burden of centralized decision-makin