LectureConversion(EC).ppt

Lecture 7 Conversion E-C Course Name: Translation Lecturer: XU Rui Table of Content 7.1 Conversion into Verb 7.2 Conversion into Noun 7.3 Adjective to Noun/Verb and Noun to Adjective 7.4 Other Conversion 7.5 Fixed Usage Chinese: Predicative words are most often used. Additionally, words of all categories can serve as any of the parts of sentence. English: Verbs are less used; while nouns, adjectives, prepositions and adverbs are often used for expressing the actions or states. Conversion of those words into Chinese verbs is quite often. Our discussion of conversion focuses on conversion into verbs or predicative words. The transformation between adverb/adjective, noun/adjective will be complement. Two principles in word conversion 1 No word category correspondence is necessary in translation; 2 Words are conversed for idiomaticality and briefness. 7.1 Conversion into Verb 7.1.1 Noun —— Verb 7.1.2 Preposition —— Verb 7.1.3 Adjective —— Verb 7.1.4 Adverb —— Verb 7.1.6 Be+Adj —— Verb 7.1.1 Noun —— Verb Advantages of Nominal Use in English 1 Avoid subject, and the clausal structure and passive voice. E.g., In “the abolition of exploitation of man by man”, “abolition” is used for expressing action that avoid the subject and passive structure 2 Avoid object E.g. “I will take a look” for replacement of “I will look”. In the former expression there is a formal object “look”, so a real object for “look” is not necessary. 3 Function as post modifier All words related to an action may be arranged as post modifier to the headword Convenient for end-weight arrangement E.g., US insistence on the right to make on-site inspections of the soviet strategic arsenal There are three categories of Conversion from nominal to verbal words 1 v-drived nouns to be converted into verb 2 v-converted nouns to be changed back into verb 3 v-suggesting nouns to be translated as verb Category 1: Derivation Rockets have found application for the exploitation of the un