MUnitTheworldofoursenses.ppt

5．现在完成时与一般过去时的区别 在英语的时态中，过去的就是过去，与现在无任何联系，这时要用一般过去时。但我们说话时常有“借古讽今”之说，可见把过去和现在隔绝是不可能的，英国人就想了一个把过去和现在连在一起的时态——现在完成时，可见这种时态既与过去有关，也必须与现在有联系。现在完成时就是一座“桥”，把现在和过去联系到了一起。 1. “Youve left the light on.” “Oh, so I have. ________ and turn it off.” A. Ill go B. Ive gone C. I go D. Im going A　此题的A和D不易分清，因为两者均可表示将来，填入空格处似乎都可以。但实际上只有A是最佳的，因为根据上下文的语境来看，“我去把灯关掉”这一行为是说话人听了对方的话后临时想到的，而不是事先准备的。而按英语习惯：will 和 be going to后接动词原形均可表示意图，但意图有强弱之分，如果是事先考虑过的意图，要用 be going to；如果不是事先考虑过的，而是说话时刻才临时想到的意图，则用 will。 2. By the window sits his wife, who, dressed in black, ________ like my aunt. A. look B. looking C. looked D. looks D　但B和C可能被误选。此句的基本结构是 His wife sits by the window，由于句子主语 his wife 带有自己较复杂的修饰语，所以采用了倒装语序 By the window sits his wife… 。另一方面，由于 his wife 后接的定语从句 who looks like my aunt中插入了一个过去分词短语 dressed in black ，所以有的同学没有意识到 looks 是定语从句的谓语，而考虑到选 looked 与前面的过去分词 dressed 保持一致。 * Watch out ______ the weather change these days. for 4、 cant help doing 禁不住 做某事 ；忍不住 做某事 ◆I cant help being indulgent with little children. 我对小孩总是溺爱有加。 1 同义短语：cant help but do忍不住…… 2 注意：help可以接 to do sth. 　比较：cant help to do不能帮助做某事。 ①The woman couldnt help ______ cry when she heard of her husbands death. ②The students couldnt help but ______ laugh when they heard the story. ③Tom is ill in bed.He cant help ______ do the housework.　 ①crying　②laugh　③ to do once连接时间状语从句，常可以省略主谓的一部分，省略了句子的主谓部分相当于Once she went out in the street，… Once out in the street, she walked quickly towards her usual bus stop. 她一走到街上，就匆匆地向往常乘车的站台走去。 ______ having confidence, you will be successful in the interview. A. Before B. Once C. Until D. Though B　一旦你有了信心，你在面试中就会成功的。once having confidence＝once you have confidence。 1. C　make no sense 没有意义。 1. Planning so far ahead ______ no sense — so many things will have changed by next year. 2011·全国新课标 A. made B. is making C. makes D. has made 2. A　nowhere near 离……还很远；near和 enough修饰不定代词后置。 2. We only had $100 and that was ______ to buy a new computer. 2011·辽宁 A. nowhere near enough B. near enou