文字增益法(Amplification).pptVIP

文字增益法（Amplification） 作为翻译的一项原则，译者是不允许随意增减原文意义的。但这并不是说译文和原文必须一词对一词。在不失掉原文意义的前提下，为了使译文准确，添加一些必要的词语是允许的。 The bridge is long. 1，这桥长。 2，这座桥是长的。 正：这座桥很长。 三个臭皮匠，顶个诸葛亮。 Three cobblers euqal a Zhuge Liang. Three cobblers with their wits combined equal Zhuge liang the master mind. 增词法主要运用目的 一、根据逻辑修辞的需要，使译文更符合归宿语的结构，因而也更忠实、通顺、流畅。 1.增补动词 Books must follow sciences,and not sciences books.(Francis Bacon) 书籍必须随科学出现，而科学不能随书籍产生。 In this mood, I went to the diplomatic circles,earnest but only sketchily . 我怀着这样的心情进入了外交界，虽有满腔热情，但知识肤浅得很。 Men are generally more careful of the breed of their horses and dogs than of their children. 人们饲养马与狗的细心程度，一般要超过抚育自己的子女。 Histories make men wise;poets witty;the mathematics subtile;natural philosophy deep;moral grave;logic and rhetoric able to contend. 读史使人明智，读诗使人灵秀，数学使人周密，科学使人深刻，伦理学使人庄重，逻辑修辞学使人善辩。 2，增补名词 1）在不及物动词后面增补名词（不及物动词后隐含宾语） A group of young men are planting trees on the hill. Some are digging, some are watering. 一群年轻人在山上植树，挖坑的挖坑，浇水的浇水。 She spent most of her spare time at home, reading and drawing. 她的大部分空余时间是在家里度过的，读书、作画。 2）在形容词前面增补名词 He is young but ambitious. 他人小志大。 She was small and slight, pale, but very beatiful. 她身量瘦小，面色苍白，但模样到很漂亮。 Though, very likely, the heroic character which ladies admire is a more glorious and beautiful object than the kind, fresh, smiling, artless, tender little domestic goddes,whom men are inclined to worship. 男人们虽然把那些眉开眼笑、脸色鲜嫩、脾气温和、心地善良、不明世事的小东西当作 神明似的供奉在家里，太太小姐们却更佩服女中豪杰；而且两相比起来，女中豪杰更值得颂扬和赞美。 3）在抽象名词后面增补名词 Persuasion 说服工作 Preparation 准备工作 Antagonism 敌对态度 Tension 紧张局势 Arrogance 自满情绪 Complacency 自满情绪 Madness 疯狂行为 Backwardness 落后状态 Rashness 急躁情绪 The first and the hardest task of the new government was to deal with the ever-growing unemploym