高考英语 虚拟语气(综合)素材.docVIP

虚拟语气（一） 四种语气： ___________ Our school is very beautiful. ___________ Have you ever been to Japan? ___________ Hurry up! ___________ If I were you, I would refuse him. 虚拟语气在条件句中应用比较多。 条件句可分为两类，一类为真实条件句. If we leave now, we can still catch the train. 一类为非真实条件句。非真实条件句表示的是假设的或实际可能性不大的情况，故采用虚拟语气。 If you _____________________(arrive) a little earlier, you ______________________(see) her. 　 4. 非真实条件句 1）虚拟语气可以表示过去，现在和将来的情况，时态的基本特点是时态往后推移。 a. 与现在事实相反的假设 条件从句 主句 一般过去时（be用________________） __________________________________________等 +动词原形 例如：If they were here, they would help you. 如果他们在这儿，会帮助你的。 含义：They are not here, they can’t help you. b. 与过去事实相反的假设 条件从句 主句 过去完成时 ____________________________________________等+ have+ done 例如：If he had come yesterday, I should / would have told him about it. 如果他昨天来的话，我会把这件事告诉他的。 含义：He did not come yesterday, so I did not tell him about it. If we had found him earlier, we might have saved his life. c. 表示对将来不大可能发生的事情的假想 条件从句 主句 一般过去时 _________________________________________等 + 动词原形 were+ 不定式 should+ 动词原形 例如： 如果我来做这工作，我会是另一种做法。 If I were to do the job, I would do it in a different way. 含义：I am not likely to do the job, so the job will be done in the usual way. 5. 混合条件句 有时，主句与从句的动作发生在不同的时间，主句从句谓语动词的虚拟语气形式因时间不同而不同，这种条件句叫做混合条件句。例如： 　　If you had asked him yesterday, you would know what to do now. 如果你昨天问过他，今天就知道做什么了。 （从句与过去事实相反，主句与现在事实相反。） 　 If it _________________(rain) last night（过去）, it ______________(be) very cold today （现在）. 如果昨晚下过雨，今天就会很冷了。 6. 含蓄条件句 有些句子虽不含条件从句，但意思和条件句差不多，这种句子称为含蓄条件句 Such a thing wouldn’t have happened elsewhere. 这样的事情别处是不会发生的。 But for the umbrella, we would have got thought all over. 7. 虚拟条件句的倒装 虚拟条件句的从句部分含有were, should, 或had时,可省略if，再把were, should或had 移到从句的句首，实行倒装。例如： If they were here now, they could help us. = Were they here now, they could help us. 他们现在在的话，就会帮助我们了。 If you had come earlier, you would have met him. = Had you come earlier, you would