中国诗歌的抒情性审美特征.docVIP

中国诗歌的抒情性审美特征? 中文系2005级4班 杨有福 指导教师：郭昭第 ????? 【摘要】中国诗歌以抒情性最为见长。中国诗歌的抒情性审美特征主要体现在诗歌意境的审美意蕴、诗歌抒情的审美情感以及诗歌语言的审美特质等方面。这三个方面分别对应着韵味、情味、滋味等古代诗论中的理论形态。“韵味”是对中国诗歌审美意蕴的概括，分为生活、人格、生命三个层次；“情味”是对中国诗歌抒情性审美情感的艺术表达，体现为具有崇高性质的审美快感、审美痛感以及具有诙谐性的审美谐感；“滋味”是对中国诗歌语言审美特质的挖掘，表现在诗歌语言的预设与情性、含蕴与情理以及音效与情韵等方面。 【关键词】中国 诗歌 抒情 韵味 情味 滋味 [Abstract]The most salient characteristic of Chinese poetry is its lyricism, the aesthetic characteristics of which are reflected primarily in the aesthetic significance of poetic conception, the aesthetic sentiment of poetic expression and the aesthetic quality of poetic language. These three aspects correspond to theoretical forms of classical poetics, namely metrical charm, sentimental flavor and poetic taste, respectively. ‘Metrical charm’ is the summary of the aesthetic significance of Chinese poetry, and can be divided into a trio of subsistence, character and life. ‘Sentimental flavor’ refers to the artistic expression of the aesthetic sentiment found in Chinese poetry, and is appreciable through a sublime sense of aesthetic exaltation, pain and humor. ‘Poetic taste’ refers to the exploration of the aesthetic qualities found in the language of Chinese poetry. It is evident in the language of poem’s presupposition and feelings, its subtlety and reason, as well as its acoustic effect and emotional affect. Designed to aid in the reading of poetry, this paper presents a theoretical exposition of these literary concepts. [Key Words] Chinese poetry lyricism metrical charm sentimental flavor poetic taste 中国诗歌以独特的抒情性而在世界文学之林别具一格，中国诗学则以独特性“辨于味而言诗”的审美方式自成特征。也就是说，“情”与“味”的关系是探索中国诗学审美特征之核心。尽管中国诗歌自身的本质特征是注重抒情地，而且读者把握情感的方式是“辨于味言诗”，然而遗憾的是在中国并未形成以探讨情感为特征、以“辨味”为方式的理论体系。正如清代何文焕在《历代诗话》序言中所言：“诗话于何昉乎？赓歌纪于虞书，六义详于古序，孔孟论言，别申远旨，春秋赋答，都属断章。三代尚已。汉魏而降，作者渐多，遂成一家言，洵是骚人之利器，艺苑之轮扁也。”[1]为此从中国诗学中本有的“韵味”、“情味”、“滋味”等概念出发来探讨诗歌所具有的带有普遍性的抒情性审美特征是我门意中之事。在不断迅速变化地现代社会中，由于人们对诗歌的认识价值及其审美视域的改变，人们解读诗歌已经远远超越了古人的审美眼光，甚至出现了诗歌理论意义深于诗歌自身意义的情况，这是诗歌文化研究的方式所促成的局势。中国当前的诗歌的抒情性审美研究也正在做这种布局，本文也以这种眼光着手从文本的审美