美国历史上的几位名人的英文简介.docVIP

本杰明·富兰克林（Benjamin Franklin, 1706-1790) Franklin is the Founding Father who is seen as the master of home-spun(朴素的) practical wisdom. Of humble origins, Franklin began as a printer and writer (the author of Poor Richards Almanack), then became an inventor and scientist, and concluded his long career as the consummate(完美的) diplomat. He played a key behind-the-scenes role at the conventions that led to the Declaration of Independence and the U.S. Constitution. 富兰克林是美国开国元勋，被誉为朴素、务实的智慧大师。他出身贫寒，最初从事印刷和写作（《穷人理查德年鉴》一书的作者），后成为发明家和科学家，最后作为杰出的外交家结束了漫长的职业生涯。他从幕后为各种重要会议发挥了关键作用，最后导致《独立宣言》和《美国宪法》的诞生。 George Washington (1732-99) The first president of the United States and the American commander in chief during the War of Independence from Great Britain, Washington is often called the Father of His Country. Originally a gentleman farmer from Virginia, Washington showed great leadership qualities as a soldier. Highly popular with the American public, he was eulogized by a member of Congress as first in war, first in peace, first in the hearts of his countrymen. 乔治?华盛顿（George Washington, 1732-1799) 华盛顿是美国第一任总统，在摆脱英国统治的独立战争（War of Independence）时期担任总司令，常被尊称为“国父”。他原是弗吉尼亚州（Virginia）一位从事农业的乡绅，后成为一名军人，表现出非凡的领导能力。他在美国公众中享有崇高的声望，一位国会议员曾赞颂他是“英勇作战第一人，争取和平第一人、國人心中第一人”。 Thomas Jefferson (1743-1826) Jefferson was the primary author of the Declaration of Independence in 1776. We hold these truths to be self-evident, he wrote, that all Men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty, and the Pursuit of Happiness. Jefferson, who was later elected the third president of the United States, also wrote the state of Virginias law establishing religious freedom and founded the University of Virginia. 托马斯?杰佛逊（Thomas Jefferson, 1743-1826) 杰佛逊是1776年《独立宣言》主要起草人。他写道：“我们认为下面这些真理是不言而喻的 : 人人生而平等，造物者赋予他们若干不可剥夺的权利，其中包括生命权、自由权和追求幸福的权利。”杰佛逊后来当选美国第三任总统。他还起草了弗吉尼亚州保障宗教自由的法律，并创办了弗吉尼亚大学（University of Virginia）。 Sacagawea (ca. 1786-1812)