直译与意译.ppt

第一部分 翻译理论 直译与意译 直译 literal translation 直译指不仅忠实于原文内容,而且忠实于原文形式的翻译方法. 第一位：忠于原文内容； 第二位：忠于原文形式要求在保持原文内容的前提下，力求使译文与原文在选词用字、句法结构、形象比喻及风格特征等方面尽可能趋同(无限接近)。 第三位：通顺的译文形式。 直译法的特点 直译强调“形似”，主张将原文内容按照原文的形式（词序、语序、段序、表达方式、修辞方式、地方色彩、个人风格、民族特色）逐一翻译出来。 A. to be faithful to the original ideological content. A literal translator makes great efforts to transplant the original word order, sentence structure, etc, in the TL. B. be faithful to the form of the original work; It is of less importance for translators to maintain a smooth TL form; 注意 1) A qualified translation must be not only faithful in thought but smooth in language, which is a basic demand of a translator. 2) literal translation word-for-word translation(逐词翻译) 3) literal translation dead translation（死译） 直译不是死译或硬译 旅客入口处 × The Traveler Enters to Stand； 正确译法：Passengers Entrance 失物招领处 × losing repay; 正确译法： Lost and Found “新北京，新奥运” × “New Beijing, New Olympic Games!” 正确翻译：New Beijing, Great Olympic Games. 直译译例 Hitler was armed to teeth when he launched the Second World War, but in a few years, he was completely defeated. 在发动第二次世界大战时，希特勒是武装到牙齿的，可不过几年，就被彻底打败了。（直译） 在发动第二次世界大战时，希特勒是全副武装的，可不过几年，就被彻底打败了。（意译） When should we depend on 直译法 ? Common civilization core, 某些习语和短语的翻译 cold war hot line Hot-selling books black market 冷战 热线 热销书/畅销书 黑市 含义广为流传，读者较为熟悉的短语、习语等,直译可以丰富译语语言。 He walked at the head of the funeral procession, and every now and then wiped his crocodile tears with a big handkerchief. 他走在送葬队伍的前头，还不时用一条大手绢抹去那鳄鱼的眼泪。 In wine there is truth. 酒后吐真言。 The Senate Foreign Relations Committee today extended the olive branch to the Clinton Government by pleading for cooperation in developing foreign policy. 参议院外交委员会今天向克林顿政府伸出了橄榄枝，要求在发展外交政策上合作。 英语句子结构与中文较为接近时，直译能使译文显得通顺自然。 Ill always remember Thanksgivings as the times we ate good food, sang old-fashioned songs, and shared a lot of love with family and friends. 我将永远记得，感恩节是我们吃美食、唱老歌、与家人朋友分享爱的时刻。 a gentleman’s agreement