教师权威和学生自主发展研究.pdfVIP

教师权威与学生自主发展的研究 摘 要 教师权威与学生自主发展是保证教育教学活动顺利开展、提高教育 质量的基本要素，两者之间是相互影响、相互促进的，但教师权威如果 不能合理的运用则会阻碍学生自主发展，导致两者在现实教育中出现矛 盾与冲突。 本文首先界定了教师权威与学生自主发展的概念，从实然状态和应 然状态两个维度分析了教师权威与学生自主发展的关系，实然状态包 括：二者的现实矛盾——权力性权威导致“命令—服从”的师生关系， 无权威导致“虚无—轻视”的师生关系；教师的权威观念对学生自主发 展的影响——保守的适应阻碍了学生自主发展内在动机的形成，消极的 适应误导了学生自主发展的方向，积极的适应有助于促进学生自主发 展。应然状态包括：合理教师权威的特点、构成要素及类型；教师权威 促进学生自主发展的必要性分析——意识内化、自我实现动力、选择性、 人格塑造和良好发展环境的需要；学生自主发展能够促进教师权威的合 理建构。最后提出教师权威与学生自主发展共生的策略：创设自主课堂， 密切师生交往；开展分层教学，张扬学生个性；树立知识权威，促进自 我实现；凸显人格权威，塑造健康人格；追求人生目标，升华生命价值。 关键词：教师权威 学生自主发展 现实矛盾 合理建构 共生 The Study of Teachers Authority and Students Automatic Development Abstract The teacher’s authority and student’s autonomic development are the basic factors which successfully to ensure the activity of teaching and learning ,to enhance the quality of education, both of them influence and promote each other， but if the teacher’s authority cannot be performed rationally ，it can baffle student’s autonomic development and result in contradiction and confliction in the realistic education. This paper explains the conception of the teacher’s authority and student’s autonomic development firstly, and analysed the teacher’s authority and student’s autonomic development from two dimensionalities, realistic state and idealistic state. The realistic state includes: The powerful authority leads to “order—obedience” between teachers and students ， authoritiless leads to “vanitydespise” between teachers and students; The different adaption shape of teachers to authority influences students’ automatic development conservative adaption blocks the