国家的农民关系的研究—以耿长锁农业合作社为例(1943—1957).pdfVIP

摘 要 摘 要 国家与农民的关系问题近年来一直是学术界关注的热点问题，构建国家与农民的良 性互动关系对于建设我国社会主义新农村具有重要的意义。本文以五公村耿长锁农业合 作社为个案，通过对其研究分析，可以发现，在合作社的发展历程中存在着国家、集体 与农民三方力量。从起源上来看，耿长锁农业合作社是出于农民自愿的自发组织，但从 它成立之日起，中共根据地政权就投入了相当多的关注，在根据地形成了中共政权与农 民的互动局面。1949年新中国成立之后，中共建立了国家政权，国家、集体、农民之间 的互动更加频繁。我们需要注意到，在整个互动体系中，国家通过政治、经济、文化三 条途径自上而下对乡村社会进行权力渗透；集体作为国家与农民互动的纽带，既要服务 国家，又要保护农民利益；农民为维护自身权利而进行自下而上的“反作用”，三方力 量的互动在耿长锁农业合作社不同的发展阶段中表现出不同的关系特点。而这一互动体 系又为我们重新思考国家与农民之间的关系，进行农业社会主义现代化建设提供了深刻 借鉴。 关键词 国家 农民 耿长锁农业合作社 I Abstract Abstract The relationship between state and farmers in recent years has been a hot issue in academia. Construction of the state and the positive interaction between farmers for the construction of new socialist countryside in China is significant. In this paper, five public Geng Changsuo village as a case of agricultural cooperatives, through their research and analysis, can be found in the course of development co-exist in the state, collectives and the farmers three forces. From the origin point of view, Geng Changsuo farmers out of agricultural cooperatives is voluntary self-organization. However, the date of its establishment, the CCP regime to put in base a lot of attention, the CCP regime in the base form of interaction with the farmers situation. After New China was founded in 1949, the CCP established a state power, national, collective, more frequent interaction between farmers. We need to note that in the whole interactive system, the state through political, economic, cultural three ways to top-d