台北医学大学图书馆.pptVIP

NLM 臺北醫學大學圖書館 邱子恆 2007.2.27 分類的意義 有史以來，中外的先聖先賢如柏拉圖，亞里斯多得，培根，法蘭西斯，康德，孔子，墨子，程伊川，鄭樵等，都努力於為宇宙萬物尋找一種秩序．他們相信一個詳盡確實的知識分類，可以幫助人類了解宇宙中生生不息的玄機． 分類的意義 用分類的方式來組織人類知識之目的，主要是希望協助個人達到記憶上的經濟性，進而可以更容易地檢索到資訊，並描述與建構相似物件之間的關係，而且用簡明的方式來呈現這些關係． 分類的意義 泛指將不同的抽象或實體之物件區分，或是把相似的物件聚集的活動． 定義：依據物件之間的關係將其排序分組的活動，這些關係可以是明顯可見的，也可以是推測而來的． 圖書館的分類表 學科分類 同類相聚 展現出編製者的世界觀 Concept(概念層次)?Verbal(語彙層次) ?Notation(標記層次) 圖書館的分類表之類型 依應用對象分 Universal Classification vs. Specialized Classification 依架構分 階層式(如：CCL [台灣用] , DDC) 列舉式(如：LCC, NLM, 中國圖書館分類汰) 層面式/分合式（如：UDC, CC） 圖書館使用之分類表 中文圖書 中國圖書分類法(CCL=Classification Scheme for Chinese Libraries) [台灣用] 西文圖書 LCC (Library of Congress Classification) DDC (Dewey Decimal Classification) NLM (National Library of Medicine Classification) Historical Development The genesis of the NLM Classification is a Survey Report on the Army Medical Library, published in 1944, which recommended that the Library be reclassified according to a modern scheme, and that the new scheme be a mixed notation (letters and numbers) resembling that of the Library of Congress. Subsequently a classification committee was formed, chaired by Keyes D. Metcalf and including Mary Louise Marshall who compiled the schedules. Medical specialists acted as consultants to the committee. Based on the consultants advice, that of the committee and of the NLM cataloging staff, Ms. Marshall produced a preliminary edition of the Librarys Classification, which was issued in 1948. The preliminary edition was revised by Frank B. Rogers and the first edition of the new classification was published in 1951 as the U.S. Army Medical Library Classification. It firmly established the current structure of the classification and NLMs classification practices. The headings for the individual schedules were given in brief form and together they provided an outline of the subjects that constitute the National Library of Medicine Classification . These headings were interpreted broadly as including the physiological system, the