现在完成时难点解析八上5-8模块.docVIP

八年级英语上5-8模块复习资料 一。现在完成时的构成：have/has+动词的过去分词 二。现在完成时的用法。 1.表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响和结果，强调的是现在的状况，常与already,,yet,ever,never,just,before连用，不能和明确的表示过去的时间状语（如:yesterday, the day before yesterday, three years ago,last week,in 2004,just now,at the age of 12）连用. I have already seen the film. Have you finished your homework yet? No one has found life on Mars. Where have you been? Have you been to shanghai before? Betty has lived in Beijing when she was a little girl. Have you heard of Project Hope before? 2.表示过去已经开始一直延续到现在的动作或状态，通常与表示一段时间的时间状语连用 ⑴有时与so far,in the last three years,by now,up to now,these years,this morning,recently连用 In the last two years,we have learned about 1500 English words. I have stayed in the hotel for a week by now. No one has been to the moon recently. ⑵常与for或since 引导的时间状语连用，for后接一段时间，如for two years,for a long time,for nearly six years,for more than five months,而since后接表过去时间点的名词短语，如：since 2004,since four years ago,since my childhood,since yesterday,since two o’clock或一般过去时的句子，如：since he left school,since his father died,since she came here.(若就for或since引导的时间状语提问时通常用how long .) I have been in this school since 2000.→How long have you been in this school? I have lived in Beijing for 10 years.→ How long have you lived in Beijing? He has worked here since he left school.→How long has he worked here? ⑶在现在完成时的句子中，点动词（短暂性动词）不能和表示一段时间的时间状语连用， (实际上是指这个动作完成后到现在为止状态所持续的时间，并非指动作本身所花费的时间) ① 我来了两个小时。 (×) I have come for two hours. （√）I have been here for two hours. 此话并非说来这个动作花了两个小时。而是指来了以后到现在为止在这儿呆了两个小时。 ② 你买了你的新自行车多久了？ (×)How long have you bought your new bike? (√)How long have you had your new bike? 此话并非问买这个动作所花的时间，而是问买这个动作完成后到现在为止有这辆车多久。③他已经离开(学校)五个小时了。 （×）He has left( school) for five hours. (√) He has been away (from school) for five hours. ④ 你借了这本书多久了？ （×）How long have you borrowed this book? (√) How long have you kept this book? ⑤ 电影已经开始半个小时了。 (×) The film has bega