查尔斯.希尔《国际商务》 课件Chap003 Differences in Culture.pdfVIP

International Business 7e by Charles W.L. Hill McGraw-Hill/Irwin Copyright © 2009 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Chapter 3 Differences in Culture Introduction Successful international managers need cross-cultural literacy - an understanding of how cultural differences across and within nations can affect the way in which business is practiced A relationship may exist between culture and the costs of doing business in a country or region 3.1 What Is Culture? Culture is a system of values and norms that are shared among a group of people and that when taken together constitute a design for living where -values are abstract ideas about what a group believes to be good, right, and desirable -norms are the social rules and guidelines that prescribe appropriate behavior in particular situations Society refers to a group of people who share a common set of values and norms 3.1.1 Values And Norms Values provide the context within which a society’s norms are established and justified and form the bedrock of a culture Norms include folkways (the routine conventions of everyday life) and mores (norms that are seen as central to the functioning of a society and to its social life) Classroom Performance System Abstract ideas about what a group believes to be good, right, and desirable are called a) norms b) values c) folkways d) mores 3.1.2 Culture, Society, And The Nation-state There is not a strict one-to-one relationship between a society and a nation state Nation-states are political creations that can contain one or more cultures Similarly, a culture can embrace several nations 3.1.3 The Determinants Of Culture The values and norms of a culture are the evolutionary product of a number of factors at work in a society including r