Forgetting Curve.pptVIP

Theories ConcerningWords Remembering Forgetting Curve In 1885 German philosopher Hermann Ebbinghaus conducted one of the first studies on memory, using himself as a subject. He memorized lists of nonsense syllables and then tested his memory of the syllables at intervals ranging from 20 minutes to 31 days. As shown in this curve, he found that he remembered less than 40 percent of the items after nine hours, but that the rate of forgetting leveled off over time. Hermann Ebbinghaus Forgetting Curve Forgetting Curve Forgetting Curve Forgetting Curve 输入的信息在经过人的注意过程的学习后，便成为了人的短时的记忆，但是如果不经过及时的复习，这些记住过的东西就会遗忘，而经过了及时的复习，这些短时的记忆就会成为了人的一种长时的记忆，从而在大脑中保持着很长的时间。那么，对于我们来讲，怎样才叫做遗忘呢，所谓遗忘就是我们对于曾经记忆过的东西不能再认起来，也不能回忆起来，或者是错误的再认和错误的回忆，这些都是遗忘。艾宾浩斯在做这个实验的时候是拿自己作为测试对象的，他得出了一些关于记忆的结论。他选用了一些根本没有意义的音节，也就是那些不能拼出单词来的众多字母的组合，比如asww，cfhhj，ijikmb，rfyjbc等等。他经过对自己的测试，得到了一些数据。 Forgetting Curve 根据“艾宾浩斯遗忘”原理，记忆任何一个英语单词，如果没有达到牢固状态，那么都会有被遗忘的可能。要牢固记忆一个英语单词，不是一天两天的事情，更不是一个小时两个小时的事情，而是一个长期的不断复习以达到牢固状态的过程，并且每次复习要安排得非常有科学依据，提前复习或者推后复习都是不科学的。 记忆力只体现在短期记忆与少量的记忆中，如果要进行的是海量记忆与长期记忆，就必须有一个科学的“适时复习计划”了。到这里您应该明白了，一个月可以记得多少个英语单词取决于是否有一套适合于您自己的科学的“适时复习计划”。每个人的“适时复习计划”是不同的，这与个人的遗忘规律有关系。同时您必须有毅力来执行制定好的“适时复习计划” Storage Systems Sensory Memory: The sensory memory retains an exact copy of what is seen or heard (visual and auditory). It only lasts for a few seconds, while some theorize it last only 300 milliseconds. It has unlimited capacity. Storage Systems Short-Term Memory (STM) Selective attention determines what information moves from sensory memory to short-term memory. STM is most often stored as sounds, especially in recalling words, but may be stored as images. It works basically the same as a computers RAM (Random Access Memory) in that it provides a working space for short computations and then transfers it to other parts of the memory system or discards it. Is thought to be about seven bits in length, that is, we normally remember seven items. STM is vulnerable to interruption or interference. Storage Syste