单相电子式预付费电度表的设计.docVIP

单相电子式预付费电度表的设计 摘 要：基于单片机AT89C52对单相电子式预付费电度表系统进行了系统的设计，是以AT89C52单片机为控制核心，预付费电度表的硬件电路包括电能计量电路、控制电路、显示电路、IC卡接口、电能存储器、掉电检测和电源几大模块等组成。电能计量系统是完成电能测量、电能值显示、超负荷断电等功能，预付费系统主要是利用IC卡实现先付费，再用电。使用户必须先付费方可用电的电能表它使收费从过去繁琐的人工抄表、手工计价转变为用户持卡购电，实现了电费收缴管理自动化。Single-phase Electronic Pre-paid Energy Meter Design Abstract：Single-phase electronic type prepaid electricity meter system was designed systematically based on Single-chip microcomputer AT89C52, where the AT8952 was control center. Hardware electric road of the prepayment electricity meter was consisting of electricity measurement circuit, control circuit and showing circuit, IC card interface, electrical energy packet, off electrical testing and power source. Electricity measurement system has the function of electric power measurement,electric power value shows,overload breakpoint, etc. While the prepayment system mainly makes use of IC card to achieve the goal of supplying power after prepayment. The user must first pay Party can power electric energy meter. It makes the charge from the past cumbersome manual meter reading, handmade valuation into user card to buy electricity, realizes the automatic management tariff collection.The former pursues the reliability and the latter pursues the saftety. The work meets the designing requirements of safety,reliability,little power consumption and low cost. Key words：AT89C52; Electricity meter; Single chip microcomputer; Integrated circuit 目 录 摘 要 1 关键词 1 1 前言 2 2 单相电子式预付费电度表概述 2 2.1 硬件部分 3 2.2 软件部分 3 3 电度表的方案设计与比较论证 4 3.1 电能计量系统方案设计 5 3.2 有功电能测量的基本原理 7 3.3 预付费电度表电路 7 3.3.1 电能计量电路 8 3.3.2 控制部分 9 3.3.3 显示电路 12 3.3.4 IC卡接口电路 14 3.3.5 电能存储器 14 3.3.6 掉电检测电路 14 3.3.7 磁保持继电器驱电路 15 4 IC卡的简介和设计方案 16 4.1 IC卡知识简介 16 4.2 设计方案 17 4.2.1 方案Ⅰ以接触式IC卡实现预付费电表系统 17 4.2.2 方案Ⅱ以TM卡实现预付费电表系统 18 4.2.3 方案Ⅲ以非接触式IC卡实现预付费电表系统 18 5 电能表的制作工艺与功能调试 20 5.1 电路板（PCB板）的设计与焊接操作要求 20 5.1.1 电路板（PCB板）的设计 20 5.1.2 电路板焊接操作要求 20 6 系统的软件设计 21 6.1 主程序设计流程图以及相应代码 21 6.2 IC卡检测及读写程序设计 22 6.3 外中断0服务程