分词知识讲义(高一使用）.docVIP

分词 现在分词 主动 被动 一般 doing being done 完成 having done having been done 过去分词：done Ⅰ.分词作定语： 1. 分词前置　(　 We can see the rising sun. He is a retired worker. . 2. 分词后置 (i分词；ii 个别分词如given, left； iii 修饰不定代词 something等)　 There was a girl sitting there. The boy selling the ice-cream is my brother. This is the question given. There is nothing interesting. 此外，过去分词作定语?与其修饰的词是被动关系，相当于一个被动语态的定语从句。　Most of the people invited to the party were famous scientists. Exercise: 　 1) The first textbook ___ for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 16thcentury.　? A. have written　 B. to be written　 C. being written　 D. written 2) Whats the language ____ in Germany?　A. speaking　　 B. spoken　　 C. be spoken　　 D. to speak 3) ____ materials can be made use of again. A. Wasting B. Wasted C. Wastes D. To waste 4) He asked who was the man ____ on. A. being operated B. to operate C. operating D. operated 5) Don’t use words, expressions or phrases ____ only to people with specific knowledge. A. being known B. having been known C. to be known D. known 6) The lady said she would buy a gift for her daughter with the ____. A. 20 dollars remained B. 20 dollars to remain C. remained 20 dollars D. remaining 20 dollars Ⅱ. 分词作表语： 表示情感心理的动词：amuse/bore/annoy/disappoint/please etc. 其中-ing分词通常表示主语所具有的外部客观特征，-ed分词通常表示人物心理上的主观感受。（令感关系） e.g.: The game sounds interesting. （表示主语的特征，翻译成令人。。。的） I am interested in the game. （表示主语心理上的感受，翻译成感到。。。的） 另：-ed分词还可以表示主语所处的状态。 如：The door is closed. / Rose is married. One quarter of the shores of the Mediterranean are polluted. P.S.: 1) be + doing既可能表示现在进行时，也可能是现在分词做表语，它们的区别在于be + doing表示进行的动作是进行时，而表示特征时是系动词be与现在分词构成系表结构。 2) be + 过去分词，如果表示状态是系表结构，如果表示被动的动作是被动语态。区别： The window is broken.（系表） The window was broken by the bo