水力喷射分段压裂工艺的研究毕业设计_____最终版.doc

水力喷射分段压裂工艺研究 摘要水力喷射压裂是集水力喷射射孔、水力压裂、隔离一体化的新型增产改造技术，无需机械封隔，可实现准确的定点喷射，一套工具多段压裂，适用于裸眼，筛管完井的水平井或直井以及低渗透储层和薄互层压裂。 以水力喷射分段压裂的裂缝起裂与扩展机理为基础，通过射孔参数对裂缝起裂的影响实验，得到射孔参数（射孔深度、射孔直径、孔眼与最大水平应力夹角）和起裂压力、起裂时间的关系；通过实验文献调研，对水力参数、磨料参数、岩性参数等不同射孔参数对射孔的影响情况进行研究，得到射孔参数对射孔效果的影响规律，进而对水力喷射压裂射孔参数进行优选；在理论和实验基础上，设计了喷嘴内部结构，确定了喷嘴的几何参数；对喷嘴材料的耐冲蚀性进行了实验分析与选择，优选喷嘴材料；依据水力喷射压裂射孔和压裂的工艺要求，设计出井下工具的外形及内部结构。水力喷射压裂适用于薄层的分段压裂，因此准确确定喷射点是水力喷射压裂的关键。由于压裂过程中存在油管伸长量，本文从油管受力分析的角度研究油管伸长量的计算方法，推导出油管伸长量的理论计算公式，弥补了目前校深等手段无法确定油管伸长量的缺陷。通过分析总结前期水力喷射分段压裂的应用情况，对该工艺的适应性与局限性有了深入的认识，本文开展的水力喷射分段压裂技术的系统研究，为水力喷射压裂设计提供了理论依据。 关键词：水力喷射；分段压裂；研究与应用；优化设计；油管伸长量Study and Application on Hydraulic Jet Sectional Fracturing Abstract:Hydraulic jet fracturing， which integrates perforation， fracturing and isolation， is a new stimulation technology，without mechanical packer， achieving accurately fixed-point jetting， a set of tools for multi-stage fracturing， applicable to the naked hole， the screen completion of horizontal or vertical wells，the low permeability reservoirs and the thin interbeded fracturing。 Based on the principles of fracture initiation and propagation characteristics of hydraulic jet separate layer fracturing， through the effective experiment of perforating parameters on fracture initiation， obtaining the relationship with the perforating parameters(perforating depth， perforating diameter， the angle between holes and the maximum level of stress)， split pressure and split time; through experiments， carrying on researching for the different perforating parameters such as hydraulic parameters， abrasive parameters， the parameters of rocks properties on the effective case of the perforation， and obtaining impacts of the law of perforating parameters on perforating effect， then conducting on the optimization of hydraulic jet perforation fracturing parameters. Based on theories and experiments， the nozzle internal structure has been designed， the nozzle geometric parameters has been determined; the nozzle materials have been