闭环供应链中不确定需求条件下的制造商——零售商再造模型的研究.pdf

适用的场合。 根据前文对闭环供应链的框架分析，第三章和第四章以加性不 确定性需求为前提，分别针对不同的假设，讨论了供应链成员如何 为新产品和再造品确定合适的价格和产量。其中，制造商作为斯塔 克博格博弈(Stackelberg ) 的领导者进行决策。第三章中，我们假设 再造品和新产品在市场上以同样的价格出售，而在第四章中，再造 品的售价比新产品低。这两章均在前面讨论的三种回收渠道的基础 上，设定了不同的定价模型，并通过仿真比较了各个不同模型中的 最优解，并阐述了在不同的回收渠道下，供应链中各个成员的利益 和供应链整体利益的变化情况。文章还改变回收再造相关参数的大 小，分析它们在设定的随机需求下，对供应链系统及各个成员的影 响。 文章根据对各回收渠道模型最优解的仿真结果，得出结论：在设 定的随机需求下，随着产品回收再造成本的减少，供应链中各个成 员的利益都会增大，从而优化了整个供应链的利益，也使大部分消 费者得到了实惠。而另一方面，作为供应链中的领导者，制造商应 该尽量与供应链中的成员建立紧密的合作关系，通过所有成员的共 同合作，降低返回产品的回收和再造成本，提高回收率，从而使供 应链中各个成员的利益和整体利益得到提高。 关键词：闭环供应链，产品再造，不确定性需求，定价策略 - 2 - RESEARCH ON MANUFACTURER-RETAILER REMANUFACTURING MODEL IN CLOSED LOOP SUPPLY CHAIN WITH UNCERTERN DEMAND ABSTRACT In the recent years, more and more countries require manufacturers to take back and recycle or reuse the discarded products at the end of their lives. Considering the complexity of two-way logistics management, a new management philosophy, i.e., closed-loop supply chain management is proposed to analyze the integration optimization between the forward logistics and reverse logistics. Some researchers had proved that product remanufacturing could bring more economical benefits. However, related research results were always based on the certain demand. Actually, there often exists uncertainty in demand, and main players of supply chain can not make decisions according to the certain demand completely. The purpose of this thesis is to analyze the manufacturer-retailer remanufacturing model in closed-loop supply chain under random price-dependent demand. By means of quantitative analysis, the thesis discusses about the strengths and weaknesses of different reverse channel structures for the collection of used products f