《SH系矮砧苹果园节水灌溉比较》.pdf

中国雇亏c童握 2014，30(22)：186—190 ChineseAgriculturalScienceBulletin SH系矮砧苹果园节水灌溉比较 高敬东，王 骞，蔡华成，李春燕，杨廷桢 (山西省农科院果树研究所，山西太谷030815) 摘 要：为了研究出一套适宜山西省 自然条件的SH系苹果矮砧果园配套栽培技术模式，结合SH系矮化 砧木特性，借鉴国内M26苹果矮砧集约高效栽培模式、乔砧果园节水灌溉方式，对矮砧苹果园进行了大 水漫灌、起垄覆膜小沟灌溉、生物基质覆盖、树下生草覆盖4种方式的灌溉处理，调查与测定了4种灌溉 处理方式下果园的树体灌溉量、树体枝量生长及枝类组成、树体叶片生长情况、树体叶片叶绿素含量、果 实品质。结果表明：对矮砧 红‘富士’苹果园进行起垄覆膜小沟灌溉方式处理后，灌溉费用较少，树体枝 条结构比例较好 ，100片叶的干重、厚度、面积、叶绿素含量都好于其他处理，经济效益较高，果园产量 高，果实品质较好。因此，起垄覆膜小沟灌溉方式较适宜山西省气候、立地等条件。 关键词：SH系矮砧；苹果园；节水灌溉 中图分类号 ：$661．1 文献标志码 ：A 论文编号：2014．0234 ComparisonOilW ater‘s‘avingIrrigationinDwarfRootstockOrchardwithSH SeriesApple GaoJingdong，WangQian，CaiHuacheng，LiChunyna，YangTingzhen (PomotogyInstitute，ShanxiAcademyofAgricuhuralSciences，TaiguShanxi030815) Abstract：ThestudyaimstofindsuitableculturetechniquemodefordwarfrootstockorchardforSH series appleinShanxi．ConsideringthecharacteristicsofdwarfrootstockofrSH seriesofapple，thestudyused intensive and highly—‘efficientculturetechnique modeofM26 apple dwarfrootstock and water-saving irrigationmethodofstnadradrootstockorchradasthereference，investigatedanddeterminedthetreeirrigation amount，thebrnachquna titiesandcompositionofbranches，thegrowthoftreeleat,thechlorophyllcontentof treeleaf,thefruitqualityinappleorchardwithdwarfrootstockunder4methods，includingbroadirrigation， furrow im gationundercoveredridgewithridgefomr ing，biologicalmatrixcoverandrgasscoverunderrtee． Theresultshowedthatafter H‘ongfushi’appleorchardwithdwarfrootstockwasirrigatedbyfurrow irrigation undercoveredridgewithridgefomr ing，thecostcould becut，structureoftreebrancheswasgoodnad economicbenefitsandhighqualitycouldbeobtained．Furthermore，withfurrow irrigationundercoveredridge wit}lridgefomr ing，dryweight，thickness，raea，chlorophyllcont