In+vitro+analysis+of+riboflavin-modified,+experimental,+two-step+etch-and-rinse+dentin+adhesive-Fourier+transform+infrared+spectroscopy+and+micro-Raman+studies.pdf

International Journal of Oral Science (2015) 7, 110–124 OPEN 2015 WCSS. All rights reserved 1674-2818/15 /ijos ORIGINAL ARTICLE In vitro analysis of riboflavin-modified, experimental, two-step etch-and-rinse dentin adhesive: Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and micro-Raman studies 1 2 3 1 Umer Daood , Chan Swee Heng , Jennifer Neo Chiew Lian and Amr S Fawzy To modify two-step experimental etch-and-rinse dentin adhesive with different concentrations of riboflavin and to study its effect on the bond strength, degree of conversion, along with resin infiltration within the demineralized dentin substrate, an experimental adhesive-system was modified with different concentrations of riboflavin (m/ m, 0, 1%, 3%, 5% and 10%). Dentin surfaces were etched with 37% phosphoric acid, bonded with respective adhesives, restored with restorative composite–resin, and sectioned into resin–dentin slabs and beams to be stored for 24 h or 9 months in artificial saliva. Micro-tensile bond testing was performed with scanning electron microscopy to analyse the failure of debonded beams. The degree of conversion was evaluated with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) at different time points along with micro-Raman spectroscopy analysis. Data was analyzed with one-way and two-way analysis of variance followed by Tukey’s for pair-wise comparison. Modification with 1% and 3% riboflavin increased the micro-tensile bond strength compared to the control at 24 h and 9-month storage with no significant differences in degree of conversion (P,0.05). The most predominant failure mode was the