实用文体翻译复习资料与考试题型.ppt

Pragmatic Translation 2009.03-2009.06 Review: Translation Criteria Yan Fu’s (严复) “three character guide”, which was first proposed in 1898, is the principle of “faithfulness, expressiveness, and elegance” (信、达、雅). Some revisions such as faithfulness, expressiveness and closeness (信、达、切); faithfulness, expressiveness and fitness (信、达、贴), Fu Lei’s (傅雷) spiritual conformity/resemblance in spirit （神似) Qian Zhongshu (钱钟书) transmigration (化境) 鲁迅：翻译一当然力求其易解,一则保存原作的丰姿。反对牛头不对马嘴，提出“宁信而不顺”之原则。 林语堂的“忠实、通顺、美” 梁实秋的“宁错务顺” 瞿秋白的“信顺统一” Stylistic Characteristics of Practical English 2. 英语实用文体的正式性表现 ①频繁