高一英语 Unit16《Scientists at work》备课资料 旧人教版第一册.docVIP

Reference for Teaching 一、异域风情 1.Alexander Bells Great Invention Most people know that Alexander Graham Bell invented the telephone.But not many know about accother talking device he invented just four years later,in 1880.He called the device the photophone. 慞hotophone抍omes from the Greek words for 憀ight抋nd 憇ound?The photophone did not use electricity to carry sound over wires between two people.Thats what a telephone does.Instead,the photophone used a beam of sunlight travelling through the air.With his invention,Bell could actually transmit human speech on a beam of light.To do so,he spoke close to a thin mirror that was reflecting sunlight.The vibrations of his voice caused the mirror to vibrate,and the vibrating mirror caused the light to vibrate.The vibrating light hit a light-sensitive cell in a receiver placed some distance away.The cell changed the light patterns into electrical signals.Earphones changed the signals back into sounds. Bell believed that his idea of talking on a beam of light would prove to be important.He often called the photophone his greatest invention. Even though the photophone depended on a source of energy that was not constant梩he sun桞ell wasnt a bit discouraged.He felt sure that people would one day talk using beams of light. Two much more recent developments made Bells dream come true.In 1960,a scientist built the laser.A laser produces a highly concentrated beam of light.Shortly afterward,other scientists developed a new kind of optical fibre.The optical fibre is a glass thread.The new fibre could carry light beams long distances梐s far as several miles. 2.Who Invented Motion Pictures? The pleasures which a movie film offters to our eyes have been paid for with the loss of sight of a man whose name is hardly known outside the annals of science桱oseph Plateau,a Belgian professor born in Brussels in 1801. He studied the mechanism of sight,beginning a series of most dangerous experiments at the age of 28 by staring into the sun f