《兽医专业英语》.pptVIP

* What did we learn last week? 1. The basic features of scientific English 2. Formation of Scientific Terms in English 3. The reading and translation of scientific English literatures (2) 对句子的理解: A. 抓住主语、谓语 B.弄清句型结构 句子可分为简单句、并列句及复合句 简单句的翻译不存在什么问题。并列句由两个或两个以上不相从属的简单句组成，翻译一般也不存在什么大问题 The nuclear ribosomal DNA (rDNA) region spanning the first internal transcribed spacer (ITS-1), the 5.8S gene and the second internal transcribed spacer (ITS-2) was amplified, and representative amplicons were sequenced. 但由一个主句和一个甚至几个从句组成的复合句则因为层次较多、结构复杂而理解比较困难。在这种情况下，要先找到主句并弄清主句中的主、谓语以及说明和修饰主、谓语的那些成份，然后在从句中找出引导词 A previous study (Palm et al. 1998) has indicated that most parasite species of the Antarctic fish, Notothenia coriiceps, appear to be broadly distributed within Antarctic waters, which would correspond to a low host specificity in higher latitudes. C. 确定动词语态 科技英语多用动词的被动语态而少用主动语态，还应特别注意动词分词、动名词及不定式的语态形式。我们常用动词的现在分词来表示经常的、主动的动作，而且表明动作正在进行。相反，我们用动词的过去分词来表示动作常是被动的，而且动作已经完成。 The circulating blood The infected blood D. 注意句子结构的倒装 在特定的情况下，原著者有意将主、谓语倒装，动词、宾语倒装或系动词、表语倒装，以达到特殊的表达效果 There is no problem for you to secure a scholarship. Present at that international conference are famous scientists from all over the world. 一些最基本的翻译技巧 1. 用活词典： Even when we reduce the salt to fine powder, it still tastes salt. Unfortunately，the results of the present study failed to support our hypothesis that…... Reduce=捣成 Failed=未能 一些最基本的翻译技巧 2. 颠倒顺序： 原作者为了达到某种特殊的效果而将句子成份的正常顺序颠倒，而我们在翻译时往往又需按汉语的表达习惯将颠倒了的句子成份的顺序还原 Their opinions, we believe, to be fair and true. Under no circumstances will we be the first to use nuclear weapons. 一些最基本的翻译技巧 3. 拆句翻译 ： 为了准确、流畅地表达原意，在翻译时为避免译文别扭、生硬，有时需要将句子拆开来译。 A nearby object falling into a black hole is never heard of again. 如何译？ 若将作定语的名词短语object falling into a black hole译为汉语的主谓结构，译文就十分完美。即：附近的天体一旦落入黑洞，便会销声匿迹。 一些最基本的翻译技巧 4. 增、减文字 ： 即在译文中增加必要的字、词以满足汉语表达的需要。 Single-strand conformation polymorphism is a cheap, simple, fast and reliable met