电子与通信工程专业英语 徐存善 Unit 23新.pptVIP

History and Development GPS，formally known as the Navstar Global Positioning System，was initiated in 1973 to reduce the proliferation of navigation aids．GPS is operated and maintained by the United Stated Department of Defense．By creating a system that overcame the limitations of many existing navigation system，GPS became attractive to a broad spectrum of users．GPS has been successful in classical navigation applications，and because its capabilities are accessible using small，inexpensive equipment，GPS has also been used in many new applications． 电子与通信工程专业英语 历史和发展 GPS的正式名称为导航卫星全球定位系统，启动于1973年，以缓解导航求助需求的增长。GPS由美国的国防部管理和维护。GPS建立的系统克服了许多现有导航系统的局限，吸引了广泛的用户。全球定位系统已成功地应用于传统导航，而且由于其可方便使用小型、 廉价的设备，GPS也在许多新的领域也得到了应用。 How GPS Works GPS determines location by computing the difference between the time a signal is sent and the time it is received．GPS satellites carry atomic clocks that provide extremely accurate time．The time information is placed in the codes broadcast by the satellite so that a receiver can continuously determine the time the signal was broadcast．The signal contains data that a receiver uses to compute the locations of the satellites and to make other adjustments needed for accurate positioning． 电子与通信工程专业英语 GPRS工作原理 GPS通过计算信号发射时间和接收时间之间的差值来确定位置。GPS卫星携带的原子钟提供非常准确的时间。时间信息是以编码的形式通过卫星传播的，接收器可以连续接收传播的信号时间。接收器计算信号包含的数据，获取卫星的位置以及其它必需的调整以得到精确的定位。 The receiver uses the time difference between the time of signal reception and the broadcast time to compute the distance，or range，from the receiver to the satellite．The receiver must account for propagation delays，or decreases in the signal’s speed caused by the ionosphere and the troposphere．With information about the ranges to three satellites and the location of the satellite when the signal was sent，the receiver can compute its own three-dimensional position． 电子与通信工程专业英语 接收器利用信号接收和发射之间的时间差，计算接收器到卫星之间的距离或分布。接收器必须考虑由于电离层和对流层引起的传播延迟或信号传播速度下降。基于三个卫星的分布和信号发射卫星的位置，接收器能计算出它所在的三维位置。 An atomic clock synchron